Low blood pressure

Introduction Hypotension is a general term for systemic arterial pressure below normal. In general, when the adult brachial artery blood pressure is lower than 90/60 mmHg (12.0/0.8 kPa) according to the conventional measurement method, it can be called hypotension. Primary hypotensive disease mainly has the following manifestations: fatigue, weakness, headache, dizziness, anterior area pain, discomfort, lack of energy, memory loss, sleep disorders and insomnia. Orthostatic hypotension is associated with a variety of diseases, such as multiple system atrophy, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, menopausal disorders, hemodialysis, antidepressants, and the like.

Cause

1 constitutional hypotension: generally considered to be related to heredity and physical weakness, more common in women and the elderly aged 20-50 years, lighter can have no symptoms, severe cases of mental fatigue, dizziness, headache, and even fainting. It is more pronounced when the summer temperature is higher.

2 orthostatic hypotension: orthostatic hypotension is a sudden drop in blood pressure from the lying position to the sitting position or upright position, or standing for a long time, more than 20mmHg, accompanied by obvious symptoms.

3 Secondary hypotension: hypotension caused by certain diseases or drugs, such as syringomyelia, rheumatic heart disease, antihypertensive drugs, antidepressants and chronic malnutrition, hemodialysis patients.

an examination

Related inspection

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) cardiovascular angiography ECG poliovirus antibody diastolic blood pressure

Main clinical manifestations of hypotensive patients:

1. Mild symptoms: dizziness, headache, loss of appetite, fatigue, pale face, indigestion, motion sickness and so on.

2. Severe symptoms include: erectile vertigo, cold limbs, palpitations, difficulty breathing, ataxia, ambiguous pronunciation, and even fainting, requiring long-term bed rest. These symptoms are mainly caused by a drop in blood pressure, resulting in slow blood circulation and distal capillary ischemia, which affects the supply of oxygen and nutrients in tissue cells, and the excretion of carbon dioxide and metabolic waste. In particular, it affects the blood supply to the brain and heart.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of low blood pressure and confusion

Pay attention to the following conditions for patients with hypotension to help diagnose and differentiate the diagnosis.

1. In addition to hypotension, there are other vascular symptoms, other systemic diseases, and if not, consider primary hypotension.

2. Ask whether there is acute or severe acute hypovolemia or acute cardiac dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction and so on.

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