Bloody phlegm

Introduction Bloody sputum is bloodshot and blood clots in the sputum. Sputum with bright red blood, more common in tuberculosis or bronchiectasis, sometimes this phenomenon can also occur in the throat.

Cause

Cause of blood stasis

1. Common bronchial diseases include bronchiectasis (tuberculosis or non-tuberculosis), chronic bronchitis, endobronchial tuberculosis, and bronchial carcinoma (primary lung cancer). Less common are benign bronchoma, intrabronchial stones, non-specific bronchial ulcers.

2, lung diseases are common pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung abscess, etc., less common are pulmonary blood stasis, pulmonary infarction, malignant tumor metastasis, pulmonary cyst, pulmonary fungal disease, paragonimiasis. Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of hemoptysis.

3, cardiovascular disease is more common is hemoptysis caused by mitral stenosis. Hemoptysis can also occur in certain congenital heart diseases such as atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and other pulmonary hypertension.

4, other blood diseases (such as thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, hemophilia, etc.); acute infectious diseases (such as pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, etc.); connective tissue diseases (such as nodular multiple arteries) Inflammation); endometriosis and the like.

an examination

Related inspection

Sputum routine examination

Bloodshot examination

Clinical symptoms:

First, sputum with bright red blood, more common in tuberculosis or bronchiectasis, sometimes this phenomenon can also occur in the throat.

Second, black blood stasis, more common in pulmonary infarction.

Third, cough and hemorrhagic foamy sputum, can be seen in pulmonary edema.

Fourth, long-term sputum with blood or accompanied by chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, should be alert to bronchial lung cancer.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of blood stasis

1, bronchiectasis: a small number of patients with longer duration, more sputum, static can be divided into three layers: the upper layer is foamy, the middle layer is green and turbid, the bottom layer is thick pus. Hemoptysis is common and may be the first and only complaint, hemoptysis is caused by capillary erosion, sometimes caused by bronchial artery and arterial anastomosis. Repeated fever or chest pain is common, with or without obvious pneumonia. The above symptoms can be diagnosed. In advanced stage with chronic bronchitis and emphysema, there may be wheezing, shortness of breath and other respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary heart disease.

2, tuberculosis: typical pulmonary tuberculosis begins slowly, the course of the disease is longer, low fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, cough and a small amount of hemoptysis. However, most patients have mild lesions and often no obvious symptoms. They have been found by X-ray health examination. Some patients have sudden hemoptysis, but they can often be traced to mild toxicity symptoms during the course of the disease.

3, mitral stenosis: 1 sputum with blood or blood stasis, and bronchitis, lung infection, and pulmonary congestion or capillary rupture; often accompanied by paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; mitral stenosis late bleeding pulmonary infarction It can also be hemoptysis; 2 a large amount of hemoptysis is caused by a sudden increase in left atrial pressure, resulting in bronchial rupture and bleeding. More common in the early stage of mitral stenosis, only patients with mild or moderate pulmonary artery elevation. 3 pink foam sputum, caused by capillary rupture, is a characteristic of acute pulmonary edema.

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