Thrombocytopenia

Introduction "Platelets" in human blood, normal people contain about 100,000 to 300,000 platelets per cubic millimeter of blood, and its life span is 8 to 12 days. The platelet count is lower than the lower limit of reference value for various reasons. cut back. If the thrombocytopenia is severe, it can cause a series of symptoms, such as nose bleeding, bleeding gums, bleeding from the oral mucosa, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, and more menstrual blood and hematuria. Bleeding spots or ecchymoses of varying sizes can occur on the skin, which are more common in the limbs. The lower extremities are most common and are called "purpura". Medically, this disease is called "thrombocytopenic purpura."

Cause

Causes of thrombocytopenia

It is usually caused by antibodies (protective biochemical substances) formed by the body attacking its own platelets. Some acute infections are the root cause of this disease. Taking a certain drug (such as sulfonamide, organic arsenic, quinidine, etc.) to treat the disease, too much blood transfusion in a short period of time (such as during major surgery), or abnormal bleeding and blood clotting may cause thrombocytopenia.

an examination

Related inspection

Platelet aggregation test (PAgT) platelet activating factor platelet aggregation function test platelet adhesion test platelet adhesion test

Thrombocytopenia examination

A small, bright red and dark red spotted rash appears on the skin's mucous membranes. Bleeding from the nose and bleeding under the skin are also common symptoms. After the injury, the wound will bleed longer than normal people, and it is prone to major internal bleeding.

Differential diagnosis

Thrombocytopenia is confusing

Shortened platelet life: thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia may result from insufficient platelet production, retention of platelets by the spleen, increased platelet destruction or utilization, and dilution. Severe thrombocytopenia, regardless of the cause, can cause typical bleeding: multiple ecchymoses, most common in the lower leg. Or small scattered ecchymoses in areas that are slightly traumatized. Mucosal bleeding (nasal bleeding, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract and vaginal bleeding), and massive bleeding after surgery. Massive bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and bleeding in the central nervous system can be life-threatening. However, thrombocytopenia does not manifest intra-tissue bleeding (such as deep visceral hematoma or joint hemorrhage) as secondary to coagulopathy.

Thrombocytopenia: a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by unexplained abnormal hyperplasia with persistent platelet increase. Clinical manifestations: symptoms and signs caused by hemorrhage, thrombosis, splenomegaly. Thrombocytopenic purpura: divided into primary and secondary. Primary thrombocytopenic purpura is an immune syndrome that is a common hemorrhagic disease. It is characterized by the presence of anti-platelet antibodies in the blood circulation, causing excessive destruction of platelets and causing purpura; while megakaryocytes in the bone marrow are normal or increased, and are immature. According to the age of onset, clinical manifestations, platelet count, length of disease and prognosis, the disease was divided into acute and chronic, and the pathogenesis and performance of the two were significantly different.

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