Umbilical cord abnormality

The umbilical cord is the link between the fetus and the mother, and the bridge of fetal life. It is connected to the fetal umbilical wheel at one end and the placenta at the other end. The umbilical cord is composed of two umbilical arteries and an umbilical vein, and a jelly-like tissue wrapped around their surface, Walton's gel. Through the umbilical cord, the fetus obtains oxygen and various nutrients required from the mother; through the umbilical cord, the fetal metabolic waste is transmitted to the placenta and the mother and is excreted from the body. Once the umbilical cord is abnormal, blood flow will be blocked, resulting in intrauterine distress, intrauterine hypoxia, fetal growth retardation, and neonatal asphyxia.

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