Rhythmic stereotyped involuntary movement

The clinical manifestations of tardive dyskinesia are mainly rhythmic stereotyped repetitive involuntary movements. Tardive dyskinesia (TD), also known as tardive dyskinesia and persistent dyskinesia, is induced by antipsychotic drugs and is a persistent and repetitive involuntary movement. Crane (1968) first proposed that it is the most severe and difficult extrapyramidal response caused by antipsychotic treatment, with a very high incidence. The most common are caused by phenothiazines and butyrophenones. The incidence of oral antipsychotics is 20% to 40%, and the incidence of long-acting antipsychotics is about 50%.

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