Syphilis Serum Test

The syphilis serum test is a diagnostic test for syphilis diseases. Depending on the antigen used, the syphilis serum test is divided into the following two categories: 1. Non-treponema pallidum antigen serum test, using cardiolipin as an antigen, serum anti-cardiolipin antibodies, also known as responsive factors. 2. Treponema pallidum antigen serum test The anti-spiral antibody is determined by using live or dead Treponema pallidum or a component thereof as an antigen. Basic Information Specialist classification: Infectious disease examination and classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: Infected with serum. Tips: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Prohibition of unclean sexual intercourse. Normal value The normal human test was negative, and the treponema pallidum-specific antibody (TPHA) was negative below 1:40. Clinical significance Non-treponema pallidum antigen serum tests are currently generally used as screening and quantitative tests to observe efficacy, recurrence and reinfection. Abnormal results: abnormal results of syphilis in different periods. 1 stage syphilis. That is, hard chancre, with an incubation period of 2 to 4 weeks, a dark red hard mass, a shallow ulcer, a cartilage-like hardness, and a swollen peripheral lymph node. 2 second phase syphilis. After 1 to 2 months of primary syphilis, sympathetic rash, rash, pimples, pustular rash, etc. occur in the skin and mucous membranes of the whole body. Mucosal plaques, flat wet phlegm can occur in the mucosa, and the infection is strong. 3 third-phase syphilis. Occurred 2 to 3 years or even 10 years after infection, the skin is a gum-like swelling, and may also involve bone, joint, heart, blood vessels, manifesting aortic inflammation, aortic insufficiency and aortic aneurysm, etc., invading the nerve Spinal cord paralysis, generalized paralysis (paralytic dementia). Congenital syphilis has early congenital syphilis, equivalent to the second day of the day, but heavier. Late congenital syphilis is similar to the acquired day, but few heart, blood vessel and neuropathy occur. Mainly for substantial keratitis, neurological deafness, Hutchinson's teeth (central incisors in the upper incisors, small upper and upper, equal width and width), sabre-shaped humerus and so on. There may be latent syphilis between stages, asymptomatic, and only seropositive. The treatment uses penicillin or erythromycin, tetracycline, and the like. The people who need to be examined are: those with septic symptoms such as hard chancre, rash, pimples, pustular rash, neurological deafness, and Hutchinson's teeth. Positive results may be diseases: latent syphilis, third-stage syphilis, primary syphilis, small spirulina infection, spastic skin tuberculosis, syphilis, African trypanosomiasis, allergic cutaneous vasculitis, syphilitic arthritis, syphilitic nephropathy Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to normal eating habits and pay attention to personal hygiene. Prohibition of unclean sexual intercourse. Requirements for inspection: Actively cooperate with the doctor. Inspection process Syphilis serum test The syphilis serum test is divided into the following two categories depending on the antigen used: (1) Non-treponema pallidum antigen serum test, using cardiolipin as an antigen, to determine anti-cardiolipin antibodies in serum, also known as responsiveness. The test is highly sensitive and low in specificity, and is prone to biological false positives. After adequate treatment of patients with early syphilis, the responsiveness can disappear, and the early untreated patients can be reduced or disappeared in some patients. Currently, screening and quantitative tests are generally used to observe efficacy, recurrence and reinfection. 1. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL); using cardiolipin, lecithin and cholesterol as antigens, can be used for quantitative and qualitative tests, reagents and control serum have been standardized, low cost. This method is commonly used, the operation is simple, and the result needs to be read by a microscope. The disadvantage is that the sensitivity of the first stage syphilis is not high. 2. Rapid Plasma Responsive Test (RPR): It is an improvement of VDRL antigen, and its sensitivity and specificity are similar to those of VDRL. The advantage is that the result can be read by the naked eye. 3. Unheated Serum Reagin USR is also an improvement of VDRL antigen with similar sensitivity and specificity to VDRL. (b) Treponema pallidum antigen serum test: anti-spiral antibody is determined by using live or dead Treponema pallidum or its components as an antigen. This test has high sensitivity and specificity and is generally used as a confirmatory test. This test is to detect anti- Treponema pallidum IgG antibody in serum. Even if the patient has enough treatment, it can exist for a long time, even if it does not disappear for a lifetime, and the serum reaction persists positively. Therefore, it cannot be used for observation of curative effect. 1. Fluorescent syphilis spiral antibody absorption test (FTA-ABSTest): This method is a more sensitive and specific spirochete test. 2. Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA): high sensitivity and specificity, easy to operate, but not sensitive to primary syphilis as FTA-ABS test. 3. Treponemapallidumimmobilization (TPI), using Nichol spirochete (live) plus patient serum (containing antibodies), can inhibit the activity of spirochetes with the participation of complement. If ≥50% Treponema pallidum stops moving, it is positive. The test has high specificity and sensitivity, but the equipment requirements are high and the operation is difficult. It is for research use only. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate crowd: temporarily unknown. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.

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