Widal reaction

After 12 days of onset of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, specific antibodies were produced in the serum and gradually increased to reach the peak at 4 weeks, and then gradually decreased. The fat reaction, also known as typhoid serum agglutination test, is a serological test for the diagnosis of typhoid and paratyphoid to check the antibody titer in serum and its growth rate. Basic Information Specialist classification: Infectious disease examination and classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: On an empty stomach, tell your doctor about the history of vaccination. Normal value O:O ~ 1:80 (0 to 1:80). H:O~1:160 (0 to 1:160). A: O ~ 1: 80 (0 ~ 1: 80). B: O ~ 1: 80 (0 ~ 1: 80). C:O ~ 1:80 (0 to 1:80). Clinical significance Abnormal results: (1) Raise. 1O, H agglutination price are increased, can diagnose typhoid fever. When 2C and one of A, B, and C increase the agglutination price, it can diagnose paratyphoid A or B or C. 3H agglutination price increases and O agglutination price is not high. A. Those who have been inoculated with typhoid vaccine. B. Those who have suffered from typhoid fever. C. A very small number of patients with typhoid fever are not increased due to the influence of the O antigen on the O agglutination. D. Other Salmonella infections. Need to check the crowd: High fever (39° to 40°C), abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, headache, and people with rose spots on their body. High results may be diseases: typhoid fever, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, paratyphoid fever, citrate bacillus pneumonia First, the precautions before blood draw: 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, after blood draw should pay attention to: 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. 3. Please inform the doctor about the recent medication and special physiological changes before the test. Inspection process 1. Take the Kang's test tube and arrange it into 5×7 form. The 5 rows are respectively arranged into O, H, A, B, and C. 2. Take another large test tube, add 0.25ml of the patient's serum, dilute 1:25 with 4.75ml of normal saline, and take 2.5ml of the diluted serum into 0.5ml of each row of the first tube. 3. Take 2.5ml of normal saline and dilute the serum in the large test tube twice. Take 2.5ml of the diluted serum into 0.5ml of each row of the second tube, and so on. Add 0.5ml of normal saline to the last tube of each row. Negative control, each dilution: 1/20, 1/40, 1/80, 1/160, 1/320. Then, 0.5 ml of each 1:10 diluted solution was added to the first six tubes, and the final dilutions were: 1/40, 1/80, 1/160, 1/320, 1/640. 4. Shake well and mix and place at 37 ° C for 16-20 hours. Not suitable for the crowd Not suitable for people: Malnutrition and antibody immunodeficiency. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.

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