Internal genital examination

Inner genital examinations include prostate examination, seminal vesicle examination, and testicular examination. Testicles that are too small (less than 12 milliliters) or too soft can indicate testicular dysplasia. One side is too small and the contralateral side is normal to have children. The sperm may be absent from the semen of both sides. The same is true for the absence of testicles in the scrotum. The presence or absence of induration of the epididymis often represents whether the epididymis has ever experienced inflammation or tuberculosis. A round mass is likely to be a semen cyst that can prevent the epididymal duct from unblocking. Full epididymis and no sperm in semen may be obstructive azoospermia. The presence or absence of varicocele is also an important test.

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