Giant cell arteritis scleritis

Giant cell arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, cranial arteritis, or granulomatous arteritis, is an unexplained systemic vasculitis. It mainly involves the carotid arteries of the vasculature and medium-sized extracranial arteries (superficial temporal arteries, spinal arteries, and ophthalmic arteries). In some patients, the aorta and its branches can also be affected. GCA and its complications can lead to blindness, stroke and even death. Certain clinical features, laboratory tests, and histopathology of GCA can help distinguish them from other vascular diseases. Temporal migraine or tenderness at the onset, weakened temporal arterial pulsation, transient or irreversible blindness, rheumatic polymyalgia with increased erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) and mono- or multi-core giantness in the elastic layer in the arterial wall cell.

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