Reduced pulmonary wedge pressure (PCWP)
Patients with hemorrhagic shock can observe a reduction in central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary wedge pressure (PCWP), a decrease in cardiac output, a decrease in venous oxygen saturation (SVO2), and an increase in systemic vascular resistance. Shock caused by a large amount of blood loss is called hemorrhagic shock, which is common in bleeding caused by trauma, peptic ulcer bleeding, esophageal varices rupture, and bleeding caused by gynecological diseases. Whether or not shock occurs after blood loss depends not only on the amount of blood loss, but also on the rate of blood loss. Shock often occurs when blood is lost rapidly and in large quantities (over 30 to 35% of the total blood volume) without timely replenishment.
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