Corneal transplant

There are two types of corneal transplantation: ① full-thickness (penetrating) corneal transplantation. Replace full-thickness cornea with full-thickness transparent cornea. Indications include central leukoplakia, corneal degeneration, keratoconus, refractory keratitis or ulcers, and corneal fistula. This operation requires good activity of the endothelial cells of the graft, so it is best to take it from the time of removal within hours Eyeball, the principle of surgery is to select a corneal ring drill of appropriate caliber according to the scope of the lesion. The stitching is fixed. Gas or Ringer's solution can be injected at the end of the operation to restore the anterior chamber. The key to the success of the operation is not to damage the intraocular tissue and the endothelium of the graft. And the graft and the transplant bed are aligned well. ② Lamellar corneal transplantation. The superficial corneal lesion tissue was excised, leaving a certain thickness of the cornea as the transplant bed, and a lamellar graft of the same size and thickness was placed on the receiving cornea bed. It is fixed with intermittent sutures, and the implant and the implant bed must be flat and consistent with each other in order to obtain a good optical effect. Indications include corneal plaques or dystrophic turbidity, progressive keratitis or ulcers, corneal fistula, corneal tumors, etc. Because the operation does not penetrate the eyeball, it is safer and has fewer complications, but the optical effect is not as good as that of penetrating corneal transplantation.

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