Fatal upper respiratory tract hemorrhage

Introduction Because of trauma or aneurysm rupture, etc., the upper respiratory tract is massively bleeding, which is life-threatening. The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, paranasal sinus, pharynx, eustachian tube, epiglottis, and larynx. The ring cartilage is divided into upper and lower parts, and the above is called the upper respiratory tract. An aneurysm is a manifestation of a localized or diffuse dilatation or bulging of the arterial wall due to a lesion or injury to the arterial wall. The expansion, pulsatile mass is the main manifestation, which can occur in any part of the arterial system, and the limb trunk Arteries, aorta and carotid arteries are more common.

Cause

Because of trauma or aneurysm rupture, etc., the upper respiratory tract is massively bleeding, which is life-threatening. An aneurysm is a manifestation of a localized or diffuse dilatation or bulging of the arterial wall due to a lesion or injury to the arterial wall. The expansion, pulsatile mass is the main manifestation, which can occur in any part of the arterial system, and the limb trunk Arteries, aorta and carotid arteries are more common.

an examination

Related inspection

Chest flat respiratory syncytial virus antibody

Diagnosis can be made by the clinical symptoms of the patient.

An aneurysm is a permanent swelling of the arteries due to weak arterial wall. Aneurysms can be formed at any location, but the most common and troublesome place for aneurysms is in the cerebral arteries, the aorta, and the heart pump. The blood that is taken to the other part of the body, the aneurysm in the artery, basically has three reasons:

1. The arterial wall has three layers of tissue. The supporting force of the artery is provided by the middle muscle layer. This layer of tissue may have congenital defects. The normal blood pressure in the affected artery may cause a balloon-like enlargement. This swelling is called a cystic aneurysm. The aneurysm caused by congenital defects almost always occurs in the arteries at the base of the brain. Because of its shape and because several aneurysms often gather together, they are called It is a "berry" aneurysm.

2, regardless of the cause of inflammation, the arterial wall will become weak, most of the arterial inflammation is caused by such as nodular polyarteritis, or bacterial endocarditis (see infective endocarditis) Caused by the disease.

3. The middle layer of some arterial wall muscles slowly deteriorates due to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis or hypertension. The aneurysm caused by atherosclerosis is likely to be a sausage-like enlargement. This aneurysm is called a fusiform shape. An aneurysm, which develops along a small segment of the artery, another similar enlargement is caused by high blood pressure, and another similar enlargement is caused by high blood pressure, however, blood pressure in the arteries increases, It will cause the arterial wall to expand in many different ways. It will even rupture the tissue layer of the arterial wall, forcing blood into the tissue layer. This disease is called a mezzanine pulse.

Differential diagnosis

Upper respiratory tract bleeding and upper gastrointestinal bleeding should be identified:

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to esophagus, stomach, duodenum, upper jejunum (approximately 50 cm below the duodenal suspensory ligament), and hemorrhage caused by pancreatic duct and biliary tract lesions. The clinical manifestations are hematemesis and black feces. Is a common surgical emergency.

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