High plasma cholesterol levels

Introduction The amount of cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a steroid family and is one of the blood lipids. One third of plasma total cholesterol is present in free form, and two thirds is cholesterol ester bound to fatty acids. Human cholesterol comes from two pathways: food and in vivo synthesis. Almost all tissues synthesize cholesterol, but plasma cholesterol is mainly synthesized by the liver and small intestine. The amount of liver synthesis is again limited by the amount of cholesterol in the food. Cholesterol is excreted in the bile.

Cause

Causes of high plasma cholesterol levels

The value of plasma cholesterol is affected by factors such as age, diet, gender, exercise, and genetics. When cholesterol is consumed intensively, it causes hypercholesterolemia, which leads to so-called "rich disease" such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) usually shows a corresponding decline. The reduction in GFR itself also means that the kidneys have abnormalities in the filtration of poisons or metabolic wastes in the body.

an examination

Examination and diagnosis of high plasma cholesterol levels

The older the age, the higher the number, the lower the newborn can reach 650 mg / liter. China's healthy young adults are mostly at 1400-1600 mg/L, and the elderly are no more than 2000 mg/L, which is lower than those in Europe and America. If more than 2500 mg / liter should be treated. The normal value of cholesterol is 0-5.2mmo/L (0-200mg/dl), and above this value, it is expressed as high cholesterol.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of high plasma cholesterol levels

Plasma albumin reduction: mainly seen in cirrhosis with ascites and other serious liver damage (such as acute liver necrosis, toxic hepatitis, etc.) malnutrition, chronic wasting disease, diabetes, severe hemorrhagic nephrotic syndrome. Ascites is easily produced when it is reduced to less than 25 g/L.

High levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum: Aspartate aminotransferase, also known as aspartate aminotransferase, abbreviation AST, is a kind of liver function. Transaminase is an indispensable "catalyst" in the body's metabolic process and is mainly found in hepatocytes. When hepatocytes develop inflammation, necrosis, poisoning, etc., causing damage to the liver cells, the transaminase is released into the blood, causing the serum transaminase to rise.

Serum calcitonin is a hormone secreted by thyroid follicular cells. When it is elevated for some reason, it can increase the calcium excretion of the kidney and lower the blood calcium concentration.

Abnormal blood picture: Rheumatism causes peripheral blood abnormalities, which are generally mild. Rheumatism is a systemic disease that affects various organs and systems throughout the body. In the blood system, it can be expressed as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and the like.

Serum enzymatic changes: changes in serum enzyme activity help reflect the pathological state of the liver and are one of the commonly used methods for liver function tests. Acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACMP) causes hypoxemia to cause hypoxia in the brain, heart, liver and other systems, which not only causes specific changes in electrocardiogram, but also changes in serum enzymology.

The older the age, the higher the number, the lower the newborn can reach 650 mg / liter. China's healthy young adults are mostly at 1400-1600 mg/L, and the elderly are no more than 2000 mg/L, which is lower than those in Europe and America. If more than 2500 mg / liter should be treated.

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