Sternum eminence

Introduction The chicken breast, also known as the sternum protuberance or the pigeon breast, is the sternum protruding prominently, while the ribs on both sides are inclined downwards and inward, causing the chest to become like a chicken, pigeon, bird sternum, hence the name "chicken chest". Chicken breast can be divided into two types: sternal stem cartilage type, sternum cartilage type.

Cause

Chicken breasts are mostly caused by rickets in children, that is, the body lacks enough vitamin D to cause calcium and phosphorus absorption disorders, osteomalacia, and the chest ribs and the sternum are invaginated, so that the sternum is convex and forms a chicken breast. This kind of deformity often forms around 1 year old. In fact, we can see that the chicken breasts after 2 to 3 years old are the sequelae of rickets in children. In addition to chicken breasts, children often have other deformities, such as square skull, "X "legs, "O" legs and so on.

In addition to affecting the beauty of the body, severe chicken breasts compress the heart and lungs due to the inwardly recessed ribs on both sides, which have certain effects on circulation and respiratory function. Children are prone to fatigue and repeated respiratory infections.

an examination

Related inspection

Thoracic chest CT examination

The chest chest patient has a sharp tip on the anterior side of the chest, and the anterior and posterior diameters are increased and fixed in the deep inhalation position. Ventilation is limited, mainly relying on diaphragmatic assisted breathing. Patients often have hoarseness and difficulty breathing as they get older. The cause of this malformation is unknown. The possible causes are abnormal combination of various parts of the sternum, osteogenesis, rickets, abnormal traction of the diaphragm during chest wall development, excessive growth of costal cartilage, sternum, sternum and apex.

Differential diagnosis

Thoracic collapse: One side of the thoracic collapse can be caused by empyema or pleurisy, extensive pleural thickening adhesions and contractions, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, chronic fibrotic tuberculosis, chronic lung suppuration and other diseases. The clinical manifestations vary with the primary disease. The trachea moves to the affected side, the thoracic contour of the affected side becomes smaller, and the common scoliosis of the spine is common.

The rib and substernal inhalation depression is a clinical manifestation caused by pediatric small jaw deformity syndrome. The symptoms are characterized by congenital small jaw deformity, lingual palpebral, cleft palate and inspiratory airway obstruction in neonates and infants. The respiratory tract obstruction caused by this symptom causes death and the incidence is high.

Thoracic schizophrenia: During the embryonic period, the sternal base forms the left and right sternum plates. At about the 9th to 10th week, the sternum plates on both sides merged at the midline to form the whole sternum. If the fusion is not completed during embryonic development, or only partially fused, a sternal fissure is formed. According to the location and extent of the fissure, it can be divided into the upper sternum fissure, the lower sternum fissure and the whole sternal fissure. Children often have abnormal breathing, cyanosis, difficulty breathing, and repeated respiratory infections. Physical examination revealed that there were soft tissue fissures in the upper, lower or all of the sternal region and could touch the pulsation of the blood vessels. Cantrell syndrome also shows central line defects in the upper abdominal wall, pericardial defects adjacent to the diaphragm, and various types of cardiac malformations. According to the clinical manifestations of the child, physical examination revealed a soft tissue fissure in the sternum area to confirm the diagnosis.

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