Symptom >> Surgical >> Orthopedics

Sternum fracture

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction During the embryonic period, the sternal base forms the left and right sternum plates. At the 9th to 10th week, the sternum plates on both sides fuse with each other to form the whole sternum. A sternal fissure is formed if this fusion or partial fusion is not completed during embryonic development. According to the location and extent of the fissure, it is divided into the upper sternum fissure, the lower sternum fissure and the whole sternal fissure. Clinical manifestations often have abnormal breathing, cyanosis, dyspnea and repeated infection of the respiratory tract. Physical examination revealed soft tissue fissures in the sternum. Surgery is the main treatment.

Cause

Cause

(1) Causes of the disease

The sternal fissure is caused by obstacles in the process of mutual healing of the sternum and cord in the embryonic period. It can be clinically manifested as partial or partial absence of the sternum, lack of half-side, and window-shaped defect. More common in sternocleidosis, its location can be seen in the upper thoracic, thoracic or sternal length.

(two) pathogenesis

The sternal fissure can be divided into 4 types:

1 incomplete type, seen in the upper side and the lower side.

2 complete type.

3 complete or incomplete sternal fissure with heart prolapse.

4 extensive sternal fissure, namely Cantrell syndrome.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Chest CT examination chest flat chest perspective

Cantrell syndrome also shows central line defects in the upper abdominal wall, pericardial defects adjacent to the diaphragm, and various types of cardiac malformations.

According to the clinical manifestations of the child, physical examination revealed a soft tissue fissure in the sternum area to confirm the diagnosis.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of sternal fissure:

Thoracic bulge: The chicken breast, also known as the sternal protuberance or the pigeon chest, is the sternum protruding prominently, while the ribs on both sides are inclined downwards and inward, causing the chest to become the same shape as the chicken, pigeon, and bird sternum. "Chicken breast". Chicken breast can be divided into two types: sternal stem cartilage type, sternum cartilage type.

Children often have abnormal breathing, cyanosis, difficulty breathing, and repeated respiratory infections. Physical examination revealed that there were soft tissue fissures in the upper, lower or all of the sternal region and could touch the pulsation of the blood vessels. Cantrell syndrome also shows central line defects in the upper abdominal wall, pericardial defects adjacent to the diaphragm, and various types of cardiac malformations.