Compensatory emphysema of lower lung

Introduction Compensatory emphysema is a normal physiological process, because the total area of the lungs after the removal of the lungs is reduced, in order to ensure the body's oxygen needs, the other side of the lungs will have a modern expansion, thus Compensatory emphysema is formed. Generally, compensatory emphysema is asymptomatic. However, if the lung loses this function, it is non-compensatory emphysema.

Cause

Compensatory emphysema: more common in pneumonia, atelectasis, empyema, pneumothorax and other diseases. As the diseased lung tissue is damaged and the volume is reduced, the healthy lungs expand and fill the gap, so compensatory emphysema is formed. This type of emphysema is only a simple alveolar expansion without bronchial obstruction. After the primary disease is cleared, the emphysema disappears.

an examination

Related inspection

Electroencephalogram examination

Compensation is beneficial to the body and can compensate for the lost function of the organ, but compensatory emphysema can occur when the time replenishment brings some side effects that are not conducive to the body, such as lung collapse or bronchial asthma. The alveolar cavity of the emphysema is inflated too much, the alveolar septal capillaries are compressed, the blood circulation resistance of the pulmonary circulation increases, and the right heart burden is aggravated. Severe cases can also lead to pulmonary heart disease.

Inferior lobe atelectasis: Both inferior lobe inferior lobe are manifested as the inferior aspect of the inferior lung in the upper part of the lung, with a triangular dense shadow on the base, the hilar is moved down, and sometimes the lower part of the hilum disappears. Compensatory emphysema in the upper and middle lobe. The inferior lobe of the right lung is clearer than the left side, because there is overlap of the heart on the left side, but it can be displayed on the oblique or overexposed sheet. In the lateral position, the inferior lobe of the inferior lobe is shifted to the posterior and posterior, and the lower lobe is dense.

Differential diagnosis

Thickening of the lungs in two lower lungs: In patients with chronic bronchitis, two lungs are thickened in the X-ray examination. Chronic bronchitis is a chronic non-special cause of the trachea, bronchial mucosa and surrounding tissues due to infection or non-infectious factors. Heterologous inflammation. The onset of symptoms is slow and the course of disease is long. Some patients have a history of acute respiratory infection such as acute bronchitis, influenza or pneumonia before the onset of illness, and develop this disease due to prolonged unhealed. The main symptoms are chronic cough, cough and shortness of breath or wheezing. Symptoms are mild at first, and as the disease progresses, due to repeated respiratory infections, acute attacks become more frequent and the symptoms become more severe, especially in winter.

Pulmonary hyperinflation: what is commonly referred to as emphysema. Emphysema refers to the airway elasticity of the distal bronchioles (breathing bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli), excessive expansion, inflation, and increased lung volume or pathological conditions associated with airway wall destruction. . According to the cause of the disease, emphysema has the following types: senile emphysema, compensatory emphysema, interstitial emphysema, focal emphysema, paraventricular emphysema, obstructive pulmonary qi swollen.

Lung diffusion dysfunction: The amount of diffusion depends on the gas partial pressure difference, diffusion area, distance, time, gas molecular weight and solubility in the dispersion medium. Emphysema and other lung tissue lesions, diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and other diseases can cause a decrease in diffuse function. Clinically, when the pulmonary lesions produce diffuse dysfunction, there is often a significant ventilatory/blood flow imbalance, which results in hypoxia.

Compensation is beneficial to the body and can compensate for the lost function of the organ, but compensatory emphysema can occur when the time replenishment brings some side effects that are not conducive to the body, such as lung collapse or bronchial asthma. The alveolar cavity of the emphysema is inflated too much, the alveolar septal capillaries are compressed, the blood circulation resistance of the pulmonary circulation increases, and the right heart burden is aggravated. Severe cases can also lead to pulmonary heart disease.

Inferior lobe atelectasis: Both inferior lobe inferior lobe are manifested as the inferior aspect of the inferior lung in the upper part of the lung, with a triangular dense shadow on the base, the hilar is moved down, and sometimes the lower part of the hilum disappears. Compensatory emphysema in the upper and middle lobe. The inferior lobe of the right lung is clearer than the left side, because there is overlap of the heart on the left side, but it can be displayed on the oblique or overexposed sheet. In the lateral position, the inferior lobe of the inferior lobe is shifted to the posterior and posterior, and the lower lobe is dense.

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