Lymphatic hypoplasia

Introduction A colorless, transparent liquid in humans and animals containing lymphocytes formed by infiltration of tissue fluid into lymphatic vessels. Lymphatic vessels are tubes that are similar in structure to veins and are distributed throughout the body. Lymphatic circulation in the lymphatic vessels, and finally into the veins, is the medium through which the tissue fluid flows into the blood. Also called lymph. Lymphatic edema is caused by lymphatic obstruction, destruction or dysplasia causing excessive accumulation of lymph and swelling of subcutaneous tissue. When there are some congenital diseases or congenital dysplasia, it will easily lead to lymphatic hypoplasia.

Cause

Lymphedema refers to the soft tissue fluid caused by the reflow of lymphatic fluid in some parts of the body. After repeated infection on the surface of the body, the subcutaneous fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia, fat hardening, if the limb is thickened, the skin thickens later, rough, tough as skin, Also known as " elephant skin swelling."

When some congenital diseases or congenital dysplasia are also likely to lead to lymphaplasia.

an examination

Related inspection

B lymphocyte surface marker mixed lymphocyte culture test lymph imaging

1. There is a history of recurrent episodes of filarial infection or erysipelas, or a history of axillary and inguinal lymph node dissection and radiotherapy.

2. The early limbs are swollen and can be relieved after raising. In the advanced stage, the affected limb was swollen, the surface was rough and the rubber was swollen. A few may have skin cracking, ulceration or sickle-like creatures.

3. Microfilariae can be found in blood tests around the infected person of the filaria. Lymphangiography can determine lymphatic development or obstruction.

Differential diagnosis

Early changes in skin and subcutaneous tissue should be differentiated from other diseases:

1. Venous edema: more common in deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity, acute onset of unilateral limb sudden swelling, with skin color bruising, gastrocnemius and femoral triangle obvious tenderness, superficial vein exposure as its clinical features, foot back edema Not obvious. Lymphedema is slower onset, and it is more common to swollen the back of the foot.

2. Angioedema: Edema occurs in the stimulation of external allergic factors, rapid onset, rapid regression, and intermittent seizures. Lymphedema is gradually increasing.

3. Systemic diseases: Hypoproteinemia, heart failure, kidney disease, cirrhosis, mucinous edema, etc. can produce lower extremity edema. It is generally bilaterally symmetrical with clinical manifestations of the respective primary disease. It is usually identified by detailed medical history, careful physical examination and necessary laboratory tests.

4. Congenital arteriovenous fistula: congenital arteriovenous fistula can be manifested as limb edema, but the general limb length and circumference are larger than the healthy side, skin temperature is increased, superficial varicose veins, local area can be heard and vascular murmur, peripheral vein The blood oxygen content is close to the arterial blood oxygen content. All of the above are their unique features.

5. Lipoma: A small number of lipomas or adipose tissue hyperplasia with a wide range of lesions can be confused with lymphedema. However, most of the lipomas have localized growth, the course of disease is slow, and the subcutaneous tissue is soft and edema. If necessary, soft tissue X-ray mammography can be used to help confirm the diagnosis.

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