Alcohol dependence

Introduction Due to the long-term heavy drinking, the strong desire and hobby of wine, and even drinking can not be homemade, once stopped drinking, it produces various symptoms of mental and physical. The incidence of alcohol dependence varies according to the socio-cultural background. There are obviously more men than women, and whites are more than yellow ones. It takes about 10 to 20 years to develop from regular drinking to alcohol dependence. The metabolism of alcohol is mainly through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. People with lower acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity can feel physical discomfort when drinking a small amount of alcohol, so they do not drink a lot, and it is difficult to produce alcohol dependence.

Cause

Etiology and pathogenesis:

1 Biological factors: Genetic studies have found that some people have a congenital genetic predisposition to alcohol dependence.

2 Psychological factors: people with temperament, shame, anxiety, nervousness, and incompetence, drinking alcohol to overcome these shortcomings, and alcohol dependence is prolonged.

3 Social factors: such as region, ethnicity, customs, environment, occupation, and the attitude of the public and the government to alcohol, it must have an impact on the occurrence of alcohol dependence.

an examination

Related inspection

Liver ultrasound examination of liver tremor test

Clinical characteristics:

1 Drinking is supreme, and personal health, family, career, and social norms are ignored.

2 If you stop drinking or the blood alcohol concentration drops below a certain level, you will have withdrawal symptoms, such as limb and trunk tremor, emotional agitation, nausea, vomiting and sweating. Further development may lead to illusions, hallucinations, seizures, Tremors are paralyzed. If you drink alcohol, these symptoms can disappear. In order to avoid withdrawal symptoms, some alcohol dependent people should wake up in the morning to drink alcohol, and even carry bottles during the day, drinking at any time.

3 Tolerance to alcohol, the amount of alcohol is getting bigger and bigger.

4 Personality changes, work is irresponsible, family relationships deteriorate, and morality is corrupt.

Differential diagnosis

Need to be identified with the following symptoms:

Alcoholic toxic hallucinations:

Alcohljic hallucinosis This is an illusion caused by long-term drinking. The patient has a large number of rich and distinct hallucinations within 1 to 2 days after the sudden reduction or stop of drinking, which is regarded as the main hallucination. Common primitive illusions as well as critical and imperative auditory hallucinations. On the basis of hallucinations, there may also be fragmentary delusions and corresponding nervous fears or depressions. During the onset of the disease, the patient's state of consciousness is clear, and there is no significant psychomotor excitability and hyperactivity of the plant. The toxic hallucinations of alcohol are variable in duration, ranging from a few hours to a maximum of six months.

Alcohol Toxic Paranoid Status:

Chronic alcoholism patients have suspicions about their spouses, often expressed as delusions, but also can be seen. Some people think that this type of case is chronic schizophrenia, just a coincidence with chronic alcoholism.

Alcoholism delusions:

Patients with alcoholic dclusiveness have delusions and suspicions in the case of clear consciousness, which is more common in the clinic. The patient has no doubt about the infidelity of the spouse. For this reason, there is often a violent reaction, which can also lead to attacks on suspects or spouses, sometimes resulting in murderous consequences. It has also been referred to as alcoholic jealousy in the past. The occurrence of delusions usually involves a decrease in sexual function caused by long-term drinking by the patient. The alcoholic paranoia is slow onset and the course of the disease is prolonged. If you persist in drinking alcohol for a long time, you can gradually recover.

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