Excessive thickening of the stratum corneum

Introduction Abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum is an explanation for hyperkeratosis. Another explanation is the hyperkeratosis of epithelial cells on the surface of the skin or mucosa, a pathological change in the stratum corneum. Although hyperkeratosis can occur in any part of any animal, it is often seen as a clinical symptom of cattle, especially yaks. Often caused by exposure or ingestion of a chemical substance, it can also be caused by a virus. When yak keratosis is excessive, two-thirds of the trunk and neck skin are thickened and wrinkled, especially in the corners and neck of the jaw, dry, gray, and wrinkle, while the mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomach . Can be seen in the skin detachment keratoderma.

Cause

Often caused by exposure or ingestion of a chemical substance, it can also be caused by a virus. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ichthyosis, also known as bullous ichthyosis-like erythroderma, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. Armor-like scales that appear at birth or shortly after birth can cover most or all of the body, revealing a congested moist surface after shedding, and new scalys appear soon.

an examination

Related inspection

chromosome

Diagnostic points:

1. It is there at birth.

2. The skin lesions are heavier on the flexion side, especially in the folds of the ankle, groin area, wrist and elbow, and even gray-brown scaly scales.

3. The whole body is covered with armor-like scales. After the scales fall off, a rough and moist epidermis appears, and loose blisters are visible, and scales appear again on it.

4. Skin lesions can be spread throughout the body, and can also be restricted and linear and other other types, such as porcupine-shaped ichthyosis is a type of scorpion-like proliferation and scales.

5. Chronic course, but the condition gradually decreases with age.

6. Histopathology shows that the epidermis is markedly hyperkeratotic, and may have papillary-like hyperplasia, intragranular edema in the granular layer, keratinocyte cell release, and particle degeneration.

Differential diagnosis

Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ichthyosis should be identified with the following diseases:

(1) erythematous keratoderma, including two subtypes.

(2) Autosomal dominant genetic disease, characterized by extensive blisters after birth, followed by replacement of hyperkeratotic scaly, mainly involving the flexor skin of the extremities, without erythroderma, histopathological granule layer release Unlike the BCIE's acanthosis. IBS is a K2e gene mutation, while BCIE is a K1/K10 gene mutation. When the BCIE was diagnosed, no K1/K10 mutation was found, because it was considered whether there was a mutation in the K2e gene.

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