Dark spots

Introduction Black spots can be divided into two kinds of innate and acquired. A large part of congenital pigmentation is a birthmark. Most of them have black or blue-black large patches on the face or body, called Ota's mother spot or Ito's mother spot, and the other part is in the oriental face. Pigmentation (the humeral mother's spot), although it is congenital, but it is not born at birth, it will slowly emerge in adulthood about 20 to 40 years old, and it will be pregnant or hormonal imbalance. Other factors such as internal factors or sunlight can deepen the color, and other congenital ones are coffee spots, freckles and various black mites.

Cause

1. People's facial skin is exposed to the sun for a long time, especially when exposed to ultraviolet light without any cover, which is likely to cause pigmentation. After using inferior cosmetics or long-term use of cosmetics that are inconsistent with their own skin properties, some people may have allergic reactions or inflammation on their skin, and may also cause pigmentation to form dark spots.

2, female endocrine (hormone) disorders, digestive disorders (such as long-term constipation), and liver dysfunction, excessive mental stress, severe sleep deprivation, anemia and other reasons, can cause dark spots.

3. In addition, premature aging of the skin is also one of the important causes of dark spots. The epidermal cells of the face are usually replaced every 25 to 30 days, such as the skin metabolism is strong, even if the pigmentation will disappear naturally with the loss of the stratum corneum in a short period of time. With the increase of age, the skin's metabolism is declining, and the natural repair ability of the skin's stratum corneum is reduced. As a result, the pigmentation of the skin is difficult to subside and becomes dark spots.

External cause

External factors account for 20%

1. Use skin care products that contain lead, mercury or too strong a drug.

2. Use cosmetics containing too much chemical or mineral oil to make the skin sensitive to UV absorption.

3, often exposed to the sun or artificial lights.

4. Wash your face with a poor quality or alkaline soap.

Internal cause

Intrinsic factor accounts for 80%

1. Liver dysfunction.

2. Abnormal secretion of hormones (pregnancy).

3. Insufficient nutrition.

4, uterus, ovarian disorders.

5, mental stress, anxiety and major blows.

6, excessive fatigue and long staying up late.

7, the adrenal cortex function is not good.

an examination

Related inspection

Skin color electronic mirror

The appearance of dark spots on the skin is diverse and can be divided into two categories: one is point-like and the other is block-shaped.

A large part of congenital pigmentation is a birthmark. Most of them have black or blue-black large patches on the face or body, called Ota's mother spot or Ito's mother spot, and the other part is in the oriental face. Pigmentation (the humeral mother's spot), although it is congenital, but it is not born at birth, it will slowly emerge in adulthood about 20 to 40 years old, and it will be pregnant or hormonal imbalance. Other factors such as internal factors or sunlight can deepen the color, and other congenital ones are coffee spots, freckles and various black mites. Dark spots are more noticeable in thinner, drier skins, usually on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, and chin, producing a whole piece of brownish spots, which are commonly known as liver spots.

In the final analysis, dark spots are pigmented skin diseases of the human face, which can be initially diagnosed based on their symptoms and exposure to UV history and family genetic history.

Differential diagnosis

Sunburn: Known in medicine as solar dermatitis, also known as daylight erythema, is an oval-shaped protrusion or a smooth, dark-brown plaque that tends to appear on the outside of the forearm, the back of the hand, the front side of the calf, and the face. The size of rice grains to pentagrams generally begins in middle age. Exposed skin has symptoms such as erythema and edema after exposure to the sun. After that, there is sputum-like desquamation and skin pigmentation. Sunburn is formed by sunlight or other light, and is an acute damaging reaction caused by intense light exposure. It is a photosensitive skin disease.

Facial butterfly erythema: Facial butterfly erythema is a facial symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease with slow onset, insidious attack, diverse clinical manifestations, and a variety of autoimmune diseases involving many systems and organs. It produces a variety of autoantibodies due to cellular and humoral immune dysfunction. . It can affect the skin, serosa, joints, kidneys and central nervous system, and is characterized by autoimmunity. There are many autoantibodies in patients, which not only affects humoral immunity, but also affects cellular immunity, and the complement system also changes.

Pigmented plaques: Mixed sputum sputum cells and sputum cells nest in the deep layer of the epidermis and also belong to the dermis. Common central bulge highlights the leather surface, long hair, surrounded by diffuse distribution, different color, unclear boundary, is the boundary composition, the junction from childhood to the skin ,, so the elderly are rare mixed . Both mixed sputum and junction sputum may have malignant changes.

Pregnancy spots: Pregnancy "fetal spots", also known as chloasma, butterfly spots or pigmentation. This is caused by pregnancy. Because of the endocrine changes during pregnancy, the majority of pregnant women's nipple, areola, abdominal midline and genital skin coloration deepens, the degree of depth varies from person to person; the original black scorpion color is also deepened. Some pregnant women have brown spots on their faces after 4 months of pregnancy. They are distributed on the bridge of the nose and cheeks. They can also be seen in the forehead. They are butterfly-shaped and are called "pregnancy spots". However, as long as the oil is well secreted, the pH is balanced. The metabolism is smooth and it is not easy to grow long when pregnant.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.