Swollen joints

Introduction Joint swelling is more common in damaging synovitis, which is caused by acute trauma and chronic injury. When the knee joint is over-exercised for a long time, the synovial tissue is congested and edematous. The acute trauma includes knee sprain, meniscus injury, collateral ligament or cruciate ligament injury, intra-articular fluid or sometimes hemorrhage. Acute knee traumatic synovitis. Sometimes it can be caused by simple knee joint synovial injury, such as mild trauma, or chronic chronic knee strain. Coupled with wind, cold, and dampness, the knee joint gradually appears swelling and dysfunction, and chronic knee synovitis is formed.

Cause

Common causes of swelling in the knee are:

1. Osteoarthritis

2, rheumatoid arthritis

3, trauma

4, joint blood

5, infection

6, acute gouty arthritis

7, chronic gouty arthritis

8, pseudo gout

9, systemic red group lupus

10, psoriasis joints

There are other reasons for swelling of the knee joint, which are not listed here, and these reasons are also irregular, even the unlikely disease or the drug can be the cause of swelling. In addition, as with the specificity of the swollen part, nature, reaction process, aggravating factors, and mitigating factors, the cause of swelling may vary depending on the age and gender of the patient, and is also related to the patient's complaint. The specific cause of swelling requires a comprehensive analysis by a doctor.

an examination

Related inspection

Joint cavity fluid examination synovial fluid routine examination anti-rheumatoid arthritis 33 antibody bone and joint soft tissue CT examination

Most knee synovitis is complicated by various knee injuries, etc., but it can also occur alone or secondary to knee osteoarthritis, the latter mostly elderly. In young adults, there is a history of acute knee trauma. After the injury, mild edema, pain, limited mobility, and lameness begin to occur in the knee joint. Synovial reactive effusion usually occurs 6-8 hours after injury, and the knee joint is obviously swollen and feverish, and does not dare to move. Examination revealed that knee flexion and extension activities were limited, squat difficulty and pain, and there were localized pressure points around the joints, and the floating sputum test was positive. Chronic injury synovium, there may be no obvious history of trauma, mainly characterized by soft knee joints and limited mobility, swelling continues to linger, do not dare to squat. When the activity increases, it increases, and the rest is relieved. For a long time, you can get a feeling of hypertrophy of the knee capsule. For patients with multiple knee effusions or recurrent effusions, joint effusion examination can be performed, which can reflect the nature and severity of synovitis. Therefore, joint puncture and synovial fluid examination have important reference value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of knee joint synovitis.

Differential diagnosis

Knee joint trauma synovitis, easily misdiagnosed as "benign joint pain", given simple symptomatic treatment, poor results and often left behind sequelae. Because the degree of synovial lesions and synovial fluid exudation changes positively with the increase of intra-articular pressure and oxygen partial pressure, the oxygen partial pressure in the joint cavity is increased, the intra-articular pressure is reduced, and inflammation absorption and synovial repair are promoted. effect.

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