Joint sprain

Introduction Joint sprains are more common in adolescent sports injuries and work injuries in manual workers, most commonly in the ankle, wrist and lower back. Common symptoms are pain, swelling, joint activity, etc., where pain is a symptom that occurs in patients with sprains in each joint, and swelling, skin bruising, and joint rotation are common manifestations of sprains. Ankle sprain is a syndrome of injury or fracture of the ankle joint ligament. It is a common and frequently-occurring disease in orthopedics, which can occur at any age. Children with middle-aged children have a large amount of activity and have a high incidence.

Cause

Joint sprains are injuries caused by sports injuries or physical labor. It is more common in sports injuries of adolescents and work injuries of manual workers. Most often occurs in the ankle, wrist and lower back.

Ankle sprain is a syndrome of injury or fracture of the ankle joint ligament. It is a common and frequently-occurring disease in orthopedics, which can occur at any age. Children with middle-aged children have a large amount of activity and have a high incidence. Modern medicine believes that ankle sprains are mostly walking, running, jumping or going down stairs. When going downhill, the sacral position is suddenly outward or inward, and the lateral or medial collateral ligament is subjected to strong tension, resulting in an imbalance of balance and coordination of the ankle joint, and an ankle sprain. External injury is the most common. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of this disease is due to trauma and other factors, so that the meridians of the ankle are damaged, the blood and blood are not running smoothly, the meridians are impassable, and the qi stagnation and blood stasis.

an examination

Ankle sprain

Lateral ligament injury

Caused by strong inversion of the foot. Because the lateral malleolus is longer than the medial malleolus and the lateral ligament is weak, the degree of foot varus is greater, and the clinical lateral ligament injury is more common. Partial tear of the lateral ligament is more common, and its clinical manifestations are pain, swelling, and walking on the lateral side of the ankle; sometimes subcutaneous hemorrhage; tenderness in the lateral ligament; and pain in the lateral ligament caused by inversion of the foot.

The lateral ligament is completely ruptured: less common, and local symptoms are more pronounced. Abnormal inversion activity can occur due to loss of control of the lateral ligament. Sometimes the external hemorrhoids have a small piece of bone with a ligament avulsion, called avulsion fracture. When the lens is inverted, the inclination of the ankle joint surface is far beyond the normal range of 5 to 10°, and the joint space of the injured side is widened. X-ray examination showed avulsion of the bone piece.

Medial ligament injury

Caused by strong foot eversion of the foot, occurs less. Its clinical manifestations are similar to lateral ligament injuries, but in opposite locations and orientations. It is characterized by pain, swelling, tenderness, and valgus of the medial ligament, causing pain in the medial ligament and avulsion fracture.

Differential diagnosis

Joint pain: When the knees are lifted, there is a sound in the knee joint. There is a sound in the cervical spine, and the fingers are heard by the fingers. These sounds are often called "snap". Joint sound is a normal phenomenon. This is because the sound of the tendon sliding during the activity is not the sound of the bone, nor the lesion of the knee joint, but if the sound is accompanied by pain, then it should be vigilant.

Joint swelling and pain: refers to the swelling around the joints, flushing, fever and limited movement, which is the clinical manifestation of various diseases. In order to be able to select the clinic more accurately, it is necessary to analyze the patient's age, gender, medical history, long-term living environment, occupation and accompanying symptoms, and then make a preliminary judgment. Of course, the diagnosis is based on detailed physical examination and laboratory conditions.

Joint contracture: joint contracture is one of the clinical manifestations of congenital joint contracture. Congenital joint contracture refers to the flexion contracture state of the joint in the intrauterine position. At birth, body flexion or joint stiffness, that is, congenital multiple joint contracture. Again, it can be ignored.

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