Bone marrow hematopoietic cell regeneration

Introduction Often lead to anemia, aplastic anemia, bone marrow hematopoietic tissue is significantly reduced, hematopoietic function is low or partial failure, resulting in impaired blood cell production, resulting in a decrease in the number of whole blood cells. T lymphocyte hyperfunction is a T lymphocyte-mediated The hematopoietic system is an autoimmune disease of the target organ. Age, bone marrow aging, certain infections (such as hepatitis virus, parvovirus B19, etc.), application of bone marrow toxic drugs, exposure to toxic chemicals, long-term or excessive exposure to radiation are risk factors for aplastic anemia.

Cause

Age, bone marrow aging, certain infections (such as hepatitis virus, parvovirus B19, etc.), application of bone marrow toxic drugs, exposure to toxic chemicals, long-term or excessive exposure to radiation are risk factors for aplastic anemia. In a certain genetic background, aplastic anemia as a heterogeneous "syndrome" may occur through three mechanisms: primary and secondary hematopoietic stem ("seed") defects, hematopoietic microenvironment ("soil"), and immunity ( "Bug" is abnormal. At present, T lymphocyte hyperfunction is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary acquired aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is a T lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune disease with a hematopoietic system as a target organ.

an examination

Related inspection

Blood examination, bone marrow morphology, morphological examination

(1) Whole blood cell reduction, reticulocyte <0.01, lymphocyte ratio increased.

(2) Platelets <50×10^9/L.

(3) Neutrophils <1.5×10^9/L.

(4) Multi-site hyperplasia of bone marrow (<50% normal) or severely reduced (<25% of normal), hematopoietic cells decreased, the proportion of non-hematopoietic cells increased, bone marrow granules were empty, bone marrow biopsy showed decreased hematopoietic tissue. Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy are required tests. Multi-site (different plane) bone marrow hyperplasia decreased, more fat droplets were seen, granules, red and megakaryocytes decreased, lymphocyte and reticular cells, plasma cells increased.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of bone marrow hematopoietic cell aplasia need to be distinguished from the following symptoms:

Hypersplenism: hypersplenism (referred to as splenomegaly) is a syndrome, clinical manifestations of splenomegaly, one or more blood cells, and bone marrow hematopoietic cells corresponding hyperplasia, can be relieved by splenectomy. After the treatment of the disease, the clinical symptoms of some cases can be alleviated. After the spleen is removed, the clinical symptoms can be corrected.

Hemoglobinuria: The urine contains free hemoglobin called hemoglobinuria. It is one of the evidences for diagnosing intravascular hemolysis. Because the urine content is not equal to the urine color can be red, rich brown, serious soy sauce color.

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