Vulvar lymphangioma

Introduction to vulvar lymphangioma The vulvar lymphangioma is caused by the expansion of the lymphatic vessels and is not a true tumor. It is characterized by a small, thin-walled vesicular mass with a single or multiple tumors, which are gray-red or gray-white cystic nodules. It is rare, and the difference from vascular disease is that it contains the lumen of the tumor. Lymph. Can be divided into simple lymphangioma, cavernous lymphangioma and cystic lymphangioma. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the number of children with this disease is more frequent, the specific population incidence rate is 0.001% - 0.003% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: edema, varicose veins, vulvar elephantiasis, phlebitis

Causes of vulvar lymphangioma

Simple lymphangioma (35%):

Is a common type of lymphangioma of the vulva, soft, compressible, nodular or diffuse, light red or grayish white cystic nodules, single or multiple, with a majority of the tumor surface Grass yellow blisters, occasionally blisters rupture and overflow the lymph.

Pathology showed that a group of differently sized lumens were lined with flattened endothelial cells, which were eosin lymph and lymphocytes, and the irregularly shaped lymphatic vessels were seen under the microscope.

Cavernous lymphangioma (25%):

It is soft and compressible. The invaded labia is diffusely fat, the boundary is unclear, and it extends down to the perineum. It can also extend upward into the vagina. The epithelium of the tumor is quite normal.

Pathologically, cystic dilated lymphatic vessels can be seen in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. The inner wall is covered by endothelial cells. The cavity is empty or accumulates lymph and lymphocytes, and the lesions also extend to the muscular layer, surrounding the lymphatic vessels. Connective tissue hypertrophy.

Cystic lymphangioma (20%):

Very rare, consisting of different thicknesses of tube wall, varying in size, expanding into a cystic lymphatic vessel, the wall of the capsule is thin, the contents are clear, pale yellow, and the diameter is 10cm or more.

Pathology shows that the wall sometimes has smooth muscles, rich in connective tissue interstitium, often located deep in the dermis, and can extend to the underlying muscles or other tissues, and incorporate deep vesicles.

(1) Causes of the disease

Vulvar lymphangioma is caused by lymphatic expansion and benign hyperplasia.

(two) pathogenesis

Lymphangioma (lymphangioma) is a malformation or developmental disorder of lymphatic vessels. It is a benign hyperproliferation of lymphatic vessels. The tumors are single or multiple, grayish red or grayish white cystic nodules, varying in size, generally in diameter. From millimeters to several centimeters, occasionally the lesions expand to most of the vulva, even the vagina, and the surface of the tumor can present blisters. After rupture, the lymph fluid flows out. Under the microscope, there are cystic dilated lymphatic vessels in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Covered by endothelial cells, lymphatic fluid and lymphocytes accumulate in the cystic cavity. Sometimes lymphangioma can also be combined with hemangioma components. Although clinically, it can be divided into 3 types, but it is often mixed.

Vulvar lymphangioma prevention

Pay attention to regular physical examination, self-examination, and find a lump in time for medical treatment.

Vulvar lymphangioma complications Complications, edema, varicose veins, vulva, cutaneous phlebitis

Vulvar edema

Can be seen in venous reflux disorders, or with low plasma protein and water, sodium retention, etc., vulvar edema can be divided into two types: primary and secondary edema, the former due to congenital lymphatic development abnormalities, the latter due to the whole body Diseases such as malignant tumor metastasis to lymph nodes or filariasis obstruction of lymphatic vessels, postoperative inguinal or pelvic lymphadenectomy, lymphatic drainage obstruction and inflammation caused by lymphangiitis caused by circulatory disorders can cause vulvar edema, clinical manifestations of local epidermis at the beginning Gradually bright, the pressure has a depression, for a long time, the range gradually increases, from the size of the labia, clitoris, gradually spread to the haze and perineum, the epidermis can appear blisters, after the collapse of the yellow water, vulva edema should be treated according to the cause If necessary, surgery can be performed.

2. Vulvar varicose veins

Vulvar varicose veins can be seen in the subcutaneous vein. If the station is late or late in pregnancy, the venous bulge, such as the sacral disc, is mainly caused by the circulatory disorder, long-term expansion of the blood vessels, and generally no obvious symptoms. After a long time, there may be genital discomfort, if the infection is inflamed. The blood flow is slow, and thrombus can form. The thrombus detachment can cause embolic phlebitis. At this time, the vulvar pain, swelling, hardening, fever and pulse acceleration, vulvar varicose veins rarely infection, occasionally rupture, it is difficult to heal. Generally, no special treatment is needed. If necessary, rest properly, raise the lower limbs, and bandage with elastic bandage to prevent rupture, bleeding and infection.

3. Vulvar elephantiasis

Long-term chronic proliferative inflammation of the vulva can be caused by tuberculosis, filariasis and syphilis, affecting the veins and lymphatic flow, resulting in large or one side of the vulva, small labia minora, tough texture such as skin, varying onset time, rough skin surface, Pigmentation, hard, sometimes accompanied by white lesions, treatment should be targeted to the cause, if the local hypertrophy is longer, can be taken at the same time in the anti-inflammatory, ulcers or cleft palate, sent pathological examination, light can be used to reduce swelling by laser irradiation, heavy Can be treated surgically.

Vulvar lymphangioma symptoms Common symptoms Nodular herpes cysts ants walk lymphatic outflow

More common in the labia majora, sometimes involving the entire vulva, this type of lymphangioma is more common in children, examination of the vulva skin can be seen single or multiple light red or gray-white cystic nodules or sputum-like body, size, tumor surface It can present blisters, ruptured tumors, lymphatic outflow, and may be accompanied by diffuse hypertrophy of the skin. Lymphangioma generally does not subside itself, usually continues to grow and expand, lymphangioma can grow very large, causing deformity, even death.

Simple lymphangioma

Common vulvar lymphangioma, manifested as clusters of needles to pea large blisters, translucent or milky white, often arranged in a line like a herpes zoster, its texture is soft, can be single or multiple, when the tumor is small, Without any symptoms, when it is enlarged or ruptured, there is a feeling of falling, and the lymph is spilled from the mass.

2. Vulvar cavernous lymphangioma

Diffuse growth, soft texture, slightly elevated surface, unclear boundary, and extended to the perineum, generally asymptomatic, occasionally accompanied by itching or ant feeling, hardness such as lipoma, with a sense of volatility, like Spongiform, sometimes a subcutaneous tissue mass or diffuse swelling, unless there is a hemangioma, generally no color change on the surface.

3. Cystic lymphangioma

Usually a multi-atrial cyst, soft, is a tension subcutaneous mass, more common in the neck, occasionally in the armpit, groin, retroperitoneal area.

Examination of vulvar lymphangioma

Secretory examination, tumor marker examination.

Histopathological examination.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of vulvar lymphangioma

diagnosis

According to the clinical manifestations can be initially diagnosed, combined with various clinical manifestations, lymphatic outflow after puncture, histopathological examination can be seen that the size of the lymphatic fluid is not dilated to expand the lymphatic lumen, can diagnose the disease, the diagnosis must be confirmed by biopsy .

Differential diagnosis

Clinically, it should be differentiated from localized spastic sputum and cavernous hemangioma.

Limited type

Occurs in the scalp, trunk or limbs, single hair, skin lesions are dense pale brown to black papules, arranged in a strip shape, the surface is papilloma-like, keratin thickening, easy to identify with lymphangioma.

2. Cavernous hemangioma

Deep lymphangioma and cavernous hemangioma are difficult to identify, and ultimately rely on the histological examination of the lesion to confirm the diagnosis. The cavernous hemangioma appears at birth or shortly after birth. The lesion is round or irregular, and the soft subcutaneous mass is soft. It can be higher than the leather surface, the boundary is unclear, it shrinks after extrusion, it is lavender or purple blue, the surface is nodular, or lobulated, elastic, histopathology shows a large amount of size in the lower part of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. There are vascular cavities, and there are a large number of lymphatic vessels of different sizes in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue of lymphangioma. Therefore, the two can be identified.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.