Anti-Hepatocyte Membrane Antibody (ALMA)

ALMA is non-disease specific, and it most commonly occurs in viral and primary autoimmune hepatitis type I, with a lower incidence in non-hepatic patients. ALMA is one of the liver-specific antibodies. ALMA is commonly determined by indirect immunofluorescence. The principle of indirect immunofluorescence experiments is to label fluorescein on the corresponding antibody and directly react with the corresponding antigen. In the first step, an unknown unlabeled antibody (sample to be tested) is added to a known antigen sample, and incubated at 37 ° C for 30 min in a wet box to sufficiently bind the antigen antibody, followed by washing to remove unbound antibody. In the second step, a fluorescently labeled anti-globulin antibody or an anti-IgG, IgM antibody is added. If an antigen-antibody reaction occurs in the first step, the labeled anti-globulin antibody will further bind to the antigen-bound antibody, thereby identifying an unknown antibody. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: immune examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: Normally negative. Positive: Prompt there may be 1, autoimmune chronic active liver disease (positive rate of 83%), hepatitis B virus chronic active liver disease (positive rate of 11%), to help identify the two. 2. Occult cirrhosis (positive rate 0~17%), primary biliary cirrhosis (positive rate 0~42%), alcoholic liver disease (positive rate 0~27%), other liver diseases (positive rate 0~) 4%), non-liver disease autoimmune disease (positive rate 0~4%). Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. Normal value Indirect immunofluorescence was negative. Clinical significance Positive: 1. Autoimmune chronic active liver disease (positive rate 83%), hepatitis B virus chronic active liver disease (positive rate 11%), help to identify the two. 2. Occult cirrhosis (positive rate 0~17%), primary biliary cirrhosis (positive rate 0~42%), alcoholic liver disease (positive rate 0~27%), other liver diseases (positive rate 0~) 4%), non-liver disease autoimmune disease (positive rate 0~4%). Precautions First, the precautions before blood draw: 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, after blood draw should pay attention to: 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. 3. Please inform the doctor about the recent medication and special physiological changes before the test. Inspection process Same as indirect fluorescence method. Not suitable for the crowd There are no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.

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