Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a group of glycoprotein molecules present on the cell surface that were thought to be the main antigens responsible for organ transplant rejection. Detection of HLA is helpful for the diagnosis, classification and prognosis of certain diseases. The A, B and C site antigens can be determined by serum method, and D and DR antigens can be determined by mixed lymphocyte culture method. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: immunological examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: After the blood draw, symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should be immediately supine, drink a small amount of sugar water, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. Normal value The number of negative blue dead cells was <20%. Clinical significance Tissue or organ transplant matching selects a suitable donor for HLA. Each antigen appears in different diseases The frequency of A2 antigen is elevated in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia; the frequency of AW19 and B5 antigens is increased in survivors of bronchial carcinoma; these are regarded as immune response antigens, which determine the immune response ability of a certain body after disease. There is a significant association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and BW46 antigen in China, and BW46 has a poor prognosis. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to the loss of 2l-hydroxylase, this defective enzyme gene is in imbalance with HLA haplotype. Psoriasis is only associated with DR4. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with DR3 and DR4. Leprosy only has tuberculosis-like forms associated with B8, Bl7, and DR2. Tuberculosis is associated with BW35. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with DR2 and DR3. Myasthenia gravis is associated with DR4. Chronic active hepatitis is associated with DW3 and B8. Rheumatoid arthritis in DW4. The incidence of multiple sclerosis in DW2, B7 is significantly higher. The frequency of B27 antigen in patients with ankylosing arthritis is 91%, while only 6.6% of normal people have a certain value for diagnosis. In addition, the forensic examination of paternity tests, when the red blood cell ABO blood group system examination can not be determined, HLA antigen examination is very much needed. Precautions First, the precautions before blood draw: 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2, can not be checked on an empty stomach. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, after blood draw should pay attention to: 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. 3. Please inform the doctor about the recent medication and special physiological changes before the test. Inspection process A method for detecting the number of immune cells. Not suitable for the crowd There are no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks There are no related complications and hazards.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.