radioimmunoassay

Radioimmunoassay is a new technique for the determination of ultra-micro (10-9 to 10-15 g) substances in vitro by combining the high sensitivity and accuracy of radioisotope measurements with the specificity of antigen-antibody reactions. Broadly speaking, any technique that uses radioisotope-labeled antigens or antibodies to measure by immunoreactivity can be called radioimmunoassay. Classical radioimmunoassay is a method in which a labeled antigen competes with an unlabeled antigen for a limited amount of antibody, and then The change in radioactivity intensity in the labeled antigen-antibody complex was measured, and the amount of unlabeled antigen was determined. It can be divided into two types of competitive RIA (adioimmunoassay) and non-competitive RIA, also known as immunoradiometric analysis. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: endocrine examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Take blood in the fasting vein in the morning. Normal value examination range: Routine immunization: mg ~ μg (10-3 ~ 10-6g); Fluorescent immune enzyme immunization: μg~ng (10-6~10-9g); Radioimmunoassay, luminescence immunity: ng~pg (10-9~10-12g); PCRpg~fg (10-12~10-15g). Clinical significance Hormone testing: 1. In the pituitary gland hormone follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (HGH) , human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), human placental lactogen (HPL) and the like. 2, thyroid gland hormone. Tumor detection: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), glycoprotein antigen (CA19-9), glycoprotein antigen (CA-125, CA15-3), β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), ferritin radioimmunoassay Analysis (SF), prostate specific antigen (PSA). Radioreceptor analysis: A receptor is a biologically active substance present on the cell surface, cytoplasm or nucleus, and its function is to specifically bind to an extracellular information molecule (ligand) to convert information into a biological effect. Precautions Blood is taken from the fasting vein in the morning. When checking: Maintain a psychological balance and maintain a relatively stable blood composition. Inspection process After obtaining a blood sample from the examiner, it is sent to the Radiology Laboratory for testing. Specific process: add different concentrations of blood samples to a certain number of tubes, add equal amounts of radiolabeled antigen and a certain amount of antibody to each tube, and incubate at 4 ° C or 37 ° C. After the reaction is equilibrated, separate and measure the radioactivity. Intensity, a standard curve is prepared from the ratio of the radioactivity intensity, and the unknown sample amount can be found from the standard curve. Radioreceptor assay (RRA) or radioligand binding assay (RBA) is a binding reaction between a radiolabeled ligand and a receptor. It is currently quantified and localized to receptor molecules. Analytical research is a sensitive and reliable technique. The most common clinically, TRAb radioreceptor analysis, serum TRAb has important significance for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. In addition, the application of biological design, drug action mechanism, biological effects and disease etiology, diagnosis and treatment have been greatly developed. Not suitable for the crowd 1. Patients who have taken contraceptives, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones, etc., may affect the results of the examination and prohibit patients who have recently taken the drug history. 2, special diseases: patients with hematopoietic function to reduce disease, such as leukemia, various anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc., unless the examination is essential, try to draw less blood. Adverse reactions and risks 1, subcutaneous hemorrhage: due to pressing time less than 5 minutes or blood draw technology is not enough, etc. can cause subcutaneous bleeding. 2, discomfort: the puncture site may appear pain, swelling, tenderness, subcutaneous ecchymosis visible to the naked eye. 3, dizzy or fainting: in the blood draw, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitement, blood pressure decreased, etc. caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain caused by fainting or dizziness. 4. Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.

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