hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells. Each hemoglobin molecule consists of four heme groups and globin, each of which consists of four pyrrole rings with an iron atom in the center of the ring. When iron in hemoglobin is in a divalent state, it can reversibly bind with oxygen (oxygenated hemoglobin) if iron is oxidized to a trivalent state. Hemoglobin is converted to methemoglobin and loses its oxygen carrying capacity. There are four colorimetric methods for determining the hemoglobin content. This is the most widely used method in clinical practice. It can be divided into visual colorimetry and photoelectric colorimetry. The latter is divided into cyanide methemoglobin method, alkalized hemoglobin method and acidified hemoglobin depending on the diluent used. And oxyhemoglobin method. A good dilution must convert all of the hemoglobin in the blood into a stable hemoglobin derivative so that the total amount of hemoglobin in the bleeding can be measured. The cyanmethemoglobin method basically has this advantage, and it can make all hemoglobin except sulphide hemoglobin (very few in normal human blood) become stable cyanmethemoglobin. Therefore, the results measured by this method are accurate and repeatable. Therefore, the cyanmethemoglobin method has become the standard method for measuring hemoglobin internationally. Hemoglobin visual colorimetry is poorly accurate and has been eliminated abroad. However, the law is simple and economical and is still used in some primary medical units. 2 iron method. 3 oxygen measurement method. These two methods are complicated and are not suitable for routine use. 4 specific gravity method. The method is poorly accurate. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Cause anemia. Normal value: Hemoglobin (male): 120-160g/L Hemoglobin (female): 110-150g/L Above normal: Seen in compensatory polycythemia. negative: Positive: Tips: Before you check, pay attention to rest and ban diet. Normal value Male 120 ~ 160g / L. Female 110 ~ 150g / L. Newborns 170 ~ 200g / L. Children 110 ~ 160g / L. Clinical significance 1. Physiologically increase the number of newborns, plateaus, etc. 2, pathologically increased polycythemia vera, compensatory polycythemia. 3, reduce all kinds of anemia, leukemia, postpartum, blood loss and so on. Low results may be diseases: aplastic anemia, iron utilization anemia, chronic disease anemia high results may be diseases: secondary erythrocytosis considerations HicN is the most accurate method for various hemoglobin assays. All hemoglobins except Hbs and HbC can be converted into HiCN. The reagents introduced in this paper are recommended by the International Hematology Standardization Committee (ICSH). Since the millimolar absorbance coefficient of HiCN is internationally recognized, it can be directly calculated from the absorbance coefficient using a rigorously calibrated advanced spectrophotometer. This calculation is not a routine method of the laboratory. The absorbance is measured at 540 nm, 251 is the blood dilution factor, 11.0 is the Hb molecular monomer millimolar absorbance coefficient, 1.0 is the light path, 16114.5 is the monomer molecular weight, and 1000 is converted from milligram (mg) to gram (g). The dilution should be stored in a brown glass bottle and should not be stored in a plastic bottle. Otherwise, cyanide ions are adsorbed on the plastic bottle wall, which makes the measurement result low. The dilution contains potassium cyanide. Do not use a mouth to aspirate. After the determination, the waste liquid should be diluted with an equal amount of water, and added with 35 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution per liter, mixed, opened, and placed in the sewer for one night. There are many methods for the determination of hemoglobin. At present, none of the reported methods have established their own standards. The use of such methods should be cautious and must be evaluated by using the HiCN method as a reference method. It is especially important to note that the commercially available blood red protein control solution is a HiCN method control solution, which is obviously biased for other methods. Inspection process Take 20 μl of blood, add 5 ml of the diluent, mix, stand for 5 min, measure with a spectrophotometer or colorimeter, at 540 nm wavelength, or green filter, correct the absorbance with water to zero, measure the absorbance or check the standard curve. , that is, the result. Not suitable for the crowd Generally no taboos. Adverse reactions and risks Risk of infection: If you use an unclean needle, you may be at risk of infection.

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