Acute myeloid leukemia in children

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), young patients under 20 years old account for only 5% of all AML. It is a type of disease caused by mutations in the karyotype of pluripotent stem cells or lightly differentiated precursor cells. It is a clonal malignant disease of the hematopoietic system. Children's AML is similar to adults (50 years). Infants and young children are more likely to develop extramedullary leukemia than adults. In the past 20 years, the cure rate of AML is about 40%, which is far less than that of children with ALL. The results of sibling allogeneic BMT after the first remission of AML were slightly better than that of chemotherapy. Children's AML can occur at any age, and the incidence is basically the same in all age groups, which is slightly higher in adolescents. Unlike ALL, which peaks at the age of 3 to 4. There is no difference between men and women. The incidence of AML is related to certain genetic diseases, such as trisomy 21, Fanconi anemia and other diseases, the incidence of AML is higher. The likelihood of developing secondary AML after treatment for some malignancies is about 5%. The occurrence of AML is related to certain medications (such as cyclophosphamide and podophyllotoxin) and radiation therapy.

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