Carotid cavernous sinus fistula

The direct communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus is carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), which is a more common neuro-ophthalmic syndrome. Due to special anatomical reasons, the cavernous sinus area is the site where arteriovenous fistulas occur most throughout the body. More than 80% of the patients first developed eye symptoms and signs, such as eyeball protrusion, congestion, eye movement disorders, etc. and consulted an ophthalmologist. Sometimes due to lack of experience, it is misdiagnosed as inflammatory pseudotumor, thyroid-related ophthalmopathy, conjunctivitis, scleritis, etc. Delayed treatment should be brought to the attention of ophthalmologists. Carotid cavernous sinus fistula is a general name. Any branch of the common carotid artery, including the internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, and its small blood vessels. Direct or indirect communication with the cavernous sinus can be called a carotid cavernous sinus fistula. .

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