Arterial injury

Arterial injury usually occurs in the femoral artery. The femoral artery starts from the external iliac artery and begins below the midpoint of the groin and extends to the lower adductor fissure. The femoral artery is divided into the lateral femoral circumflex artery, medial circumflex femoral artery, and perforating artery. In addition to puncture wounds during wartime, they are usually caused by sharp stab wounds or other sharp objects during femoral shaft fractures. Common to the femoral (superficial) artery. It can also cause femoral artery and femoral vein damage at the same time and cause arteriovenous fistula; stab wounds can cause the femoral artery wall to rupture. In the later stage, a pseudo aneurysm or secondary thrombosis may be formed. After the femoral artery is blocked, the collateral circulation mainly depends on the arterial network formed by the deep femoral artery; therefore, damage to this segment or above can cause limb necrosis rate of up to 80%.

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