Infectious arthritis

Joint infections are inflammations caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses that originate from the synovium or tissues around the joints. The incidence of infectious arthritis varies widely around the world: in the United States, the incidence is <200 / 100,000, in European countries The incidence is low (<5 / 100,000 in Switzerland, but higher in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. The risk factors are shown in Table 54-1. Synergistic factors not only increase the risk of infectious arthritis, but also make the Aggravated condition. RA patients have a higher risk of bacterial arthritis (prevalence rate 0.3% ~ 3%, annual incidence rate 0.5%). Functional impairment is more serious, and mortality is higher (25%, non-RA patients only 9%). RA patients often have other risk factors for infectious arthritis (such as chronic disease, corticosteroid therapy). RA patients or patients with a history of joint infection and patients undergoing joint repair and transplantation have infectious arthritis 50% of children with infectious arthritis are younger than 2 years of age. In these cases, 93% involve unilateral joints, especially lower limb joints such as the knee joint (39%), hip joints ( 26%) and ankle joints (13%). Sources of infection are otitis media, umbilitis, central neuritis, femoral vein puncture, meningitis and Osteomyelitis

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