Arterial bleeding

Introduction Arterial bleeding water refers to the blood is fierce, the color is bright red, and it spurts out as the heart beats. Aortic bleeding can cause death in a few minutes and needs to be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment. In vascular injury, arterial injury is more common, accounting for 73% to 85% of vascular injury, with serious consequences. The site of vascular injury has more limbs than the neck, chest and abdomen. Femoral artery injury is the most common, accounting for 20% of all vascular injury.

Cause

The causes of vascular damage are complex:

1 direct damage: sharp damage (stab, bullet, cut), blunt injury (contusion, crush injury).

2 Indirect injury: deceleration, arterial spasm and excessive elongation laceration.

In these vascular injuries, gunshot wounds accounted for 55%, followed by sharp injuries of 36% and blunt injuries by 9%.

an examination

Related inspection

Cardiovascular contrast peroxidase staining hot saline test

1. Arterial bleeding is rapid, pulsatile, and bright red bleeding.

2, simple vascular injury according to injury, violence, injury site, acute bleeding and distal limb ischemia, distal arterial pulsation disappeared or limb swelling, cyanosis and other clinical manifestations, the diagnosis is not difficult.

3. Angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing vascular injury. However, most patients require urgent treatment, and the cost of angiography is high and traumatic, and its application is limited.

4, Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive examination, can also make a diagnosis of endovascular injury, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula and venous injury, and may replace angiography.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of arterial bleeding:

1. Capillary hemorrhage: red blood with small dots, seeping out from the surface of the wound, and no obvious blood vessel bleeding. This bleeding can often stop automatically. After disinfecting the skin around the wound with iodine and alcohol, the bandage is wrapped around the wound with sterile gauze and cotton pad to stop bleeding.

2, venous bleeding: dark red blood, rapid and continuous outflow from the wound. The method of hemostasis is roughly the same as that of capillary hemorrhage, but it is necessary to apply a bandage with a little pressure. If the venous bleeding is not too much, the above method can generally achieve the purpose of hemostasis.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.