Nail layering

Introduction The stratification of the nails is characterized by rupture of the nails and partial painless stratification. The cause of the delamination of the nails is hyperthyroidism, commonly known as "ash nails", which refers to diseases caused by dermatophytes invading the deck or under the nails. . Onychomycosis is an infection caused by fungi such as dermatophytes, yeasts, and non-sclerotium. A common type of fungus is: 1 fungal white nail (superficial white onychomycosis) This type of lesion is limited to a piece of a face or its tip; 2 under the fungal disease is divided into the distal lateral type, the proximal end of the underarm Type and superficial white, this type of lesion begins on either or both sides of the nail, and infection occurs under the deck.

Cause

The stratification of nails is usually caused by stratified fracture of nails due to fungal infection of nails. Hyperthyroidism is often caused by various fungi such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton rubrum, and Fusarium oxysporum. A small number is caused by other filamentous fungi, yeast-like bacteria and yeast, and occasionally by spores, Fusarium and Aspergillus terreus, most of which are found in malnourished nails.

an examination

Related inspection

Fungal examination fungal histopathology

A subfamily A hyperthyroidism is easily found by PAS staining. It can be seen that the hyphae and joint spores are confined to the lowermost part of the deck.

Fungal hyphae of fungal white nails are confined to the uppermost part of the deck and rarely affect deeper layers. A large number of hyphae and irregular joint spores were seen on the upper part of the deck, which was larger and wider than the hyphae seen under the nail type.

Differential diagnosis

A type of hyperthyroidism is difficult to diagnose because of its small amount of fungi and often located at the lowermost part of the deck. Other fungal white nails and hyperthyroidism are not difficult to diagnose from clinical manifestations combined with fungal examination. Fungal examinations include direct microscopy, fungal culture, histopathological examination, and the like. Direct microscopic examination of fungi is simple and easy, and clinical application is common.

According to the performance of the disease: turbidity, thickening, uneven surface, brittle and brittle, stratification, discoloration, deck lift, deck atrophy, deck shedding, hook-shaped nail, paronychia, etc. can help diagnose.

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