Spontaneous fracture

Introduction It is a common spontaneous fracture in the elderly, that is, a fracture with no obvious history of trauma. Older people suffer from fractures caused by osteoporosis, accounting for more than 50% of patients with normal fractures. Osteoporosis is an senile disease. With age and endocrine changes, bone calcium is lost, bones appear loose, bones become brittle and fragile, and fractures are prone to occur. In the winter, the calcium in the bones of the elderly is easily lost, which aggravates the process of osteoporosis and causes the bone strength to decrease. Therefore, this spontaneous fracture is especially common in winter.

Cause

More than 50% of patients with normal fractures. Osteoporosis is an senile disease. With age and endocrine changes, bone calcium is lost, bones appear loose, bones become brittle and fragile, and fractures are prone to occur.

Due to osteoporosis, daily bending of the quilt, sudden turn, sitting on a stool, and so on, may lead to fractures of the lumbar spine. Sudden cough can lead to rib fractures, and there may be a distal radius fracture in the palm support. Most patients with spontaneous fractures are older, have poor self-care ability, or have high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, etc. before the injury. The prognosis of fractures is not optimistic, so the early treatment of fractures is particularly important, and family members Most of them have no relevant experience and often feel at a loss. Sometimes they may delay the illness and cause regrets in the future.

an examination

Related inspection

CT examination of the bones and joints of the extremities and joints of the extremities and joints

Have a history of twisting, sitting on the hips, hips, and wrists;

Some elderly people have very mild trauma, but they can't be ignored. Sometimes a patient falling from a 1 foot bed can cause hip fracture. Sliding from the stairs, hip fractures may occur on the buttocks, and even a severe cough can cause rib fractures.

The fracture site is severely painful, deformed or restricted in activity, and it is thought that a fracture may have occurred;

Rib fractures are aggravated by movements such as coughing, deep breathing, or body rotation. Sometimes patients can hear or feel a sense of bone friction at the rib fracture.

It may be because the elderly people's body reaction is not sensitive or the fracture itself is relatively mild. There is no obvious discomfort at the time of injury. It can even be active, walking, etc. It cannot be simply thought that it is just a "strain". It is often sloppy, and it is easy to miss the diagnosis and delay the condition.

Differential diagnosis

The diagnosis should be differentiated from the following symptoms:

1. Longitudinal fracture: Longitudinal fracture is the most common type of humeral fracture.

2. Linear fracture: Linear fracture refers to the shape of the fracture line, generally no displacement, and is a relatively minor fracture. The common linear fracture is a linear fracture of the calvarial bone. It is a skull fracture that occurs under the external force of the skull and the bone, and there is no displacement. The incidence of traumatic brain injury is extremely high, often combined with intracranial Brain parenchymal damage.

3. Repeated fractures in children: Repeated fractures in children are characterized by osteogenesis imperfecta. Traverse fractures and spiral fractures are the most common. About 15% of fractures occur at the metaphysis.

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