Vertebral segment split

Introduction Chance fractures with X-ray examination of the lateral radiographs can identify the extent of damage and the degree of vertebral division.

Cause

(1) Causes of the disease:

This damage is often caused when the upper part of the body is moved forward and flexed sharply.

(2) Pathogenesis:

Traffic accidents on the expressway are frequent, and most of the occupant's body is rapidly displaced forward and flexed at the moment of the crash. At this time, the anterior (column) of the vertebral ganglion is used as a pivot, and the posterior column ligament or spinous process is broken by the tension and extends to the middle column, and can also reach the front column. The typical Chance fracture fracture line is from the posterior to the anterior, from the spinous process, through the lamina, pedicle to the vertebral body. In atypical cases, the injury is the rupture of the upper ligament of the spinous process, and the posterior interspinous ligament, the ligamentum flavum, the posterior longitudinal ligament and even the intervertebral space are completely broken.

an examination

Related inspection

Spinal palpation spine examination MRI examination of the spine vertebral body

Similar to the general thoracolumbar flexion fracture, the local symptoms of the vertebral segment are obvious and may be associated with spinal cord involvement, but the incidence is lower and to a lesser extent.

According to the injury site and mechanism, clinical features and imaging findings, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis. A clear X-ray lateral slice can identify the extent of the damaged area and the degree of division of the vertebral joint. CT scan or MRI should be performed with spinal cord symptoms.

Differential diagnosis

Cervical vertebrae have been significantly degenerative changes: cervical vertebral body wedge compression fractures are more common in clinical, mild symptoms, violence mainly affects the anterior column of the vertebral ganglia, so it is mostly stable. There may also be a small number of cases with posterior small joint dislocation and vertebral instability (more with spinal cord injury), which should be noted in the treatment. Cervical degenerative disease is an aging phenomenon in humans. When people are over 30 years old, aging will gradually appear. The cervical vertebra will also produce various aging, which is characterized by cervical edge degeneration, bone hyperplasia, increased brittleness, joint capsule elasticity, cervical disc degeneration, etc. The blood vessels are compressed and stimulated, and the nerves in our head are from the cervical nerves. If the cervical spine undergoes degenerative diseases, the nerves passing through this area will be affected, causing headaches. Most of the young people have cervicogenic headaches, mostly because they study and work for a long time. The neck muscles continue to contract in order to maintain the posture of the head. The muscles are tense and the muscles of the neck are secondary, which can release some pain. Substance, causing head pain. Corresponding clinical symptoms and signs caused by the degeneration of the cervical intervertebral disc and the involvement of adjacent tissues (spinal cord, nerve root, vertebral artery, sympathetic nerve) caused by secondary intervertebral joint degeneration. Cervical vertebra has a significant degenerative change, which is a clinical manifestation of cervical vertebral wedge compression fracture.

There is spur formation at the posterior margin of the vertebral ganglion: degeneration of the intervertebral disc is one of the manifestations of cervical stenosis of the cervical spine. Congenital cervical spondylotic stenosis is caused by uterine dysplasia of the vertebral canal, resulting in sagittal stenosis of the cervical spine. Causes the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots to be stimulated or oppressed, causing a series of clinical symptoms.

Spinal tuberculosis: the most common clinical, accounting for the first place in the body of bone and joint tuberculosis. 99% is vertebral tuberculosis. Vertebral tuberculosis accounts for about 50% to 75% of all bone and joint tuberculosis patients. The vertebral tuberculosis often forms a cold abscess. The spread is that it spreads under the periosteum of the vertebral body to form a wide paraspinal abscess, and then it is far from the disease side. Flow the abscess. MRI manifests as bone destruction at the edge of the vertebral body, often involving the upper and lower margins of adjacent vertebral bodies. Different degrees of edema area can be seen around the damaged area. T1WI low signal, T2WI and other high signal, the intervertebral space is narrowed; CT findings are :

(1) spots, spots, caves or honeycomb bone destruction;

(2) increased vertebral bone density;

(3) disc damage;

(4) formation of dead bones;

(5) paravertebral abscess, which often has calcification;

(6) osseous spinal stenosis;

(7) Changes in vertebral compression.

Similar to the general thoracolumbar flexion fracture, the local symptoms of the vertebral segment are obvious and may be associated with spinal cord involvement, but the incidence is lower and to a lesser extent.

According to the injury site and mechanism, clinical features and imaging findings, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis. A clear X-ray lateral slice can identify the extent of the damaged area and the degree of division of the vertebral joint. CT scan or MRI should be performed with spinal cord symptoms.

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