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Finger (toe) nail thickening

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction The onychomycosis is characterized by thickening of the nails, looseness of the nails, and empty matte. Usually, a nail appears gray-white spots, gradually enlarged, nails become thick and crisp, uneven, tarnished, grounded or incomplete, or can be peeled off. Hyperthyroidism, commonly known as "grey nails." Generally, 1-2 finger nails begin to develop, and all severe fingers can be affected. The diseased deck is tarnished, and the deck is thickened and deformed over time, showing a grayish and stained yellow color. The deck becomes brittle and breaks off, sometimes the deck is separated from the nail bed. The nail is part of the skin of the human skin. It is divided into a nail bed, a deck and a methyl. The most important function is to protect the end of the finger. People often say that "the eyes are the window of the heart, and the nails are a healthy window." The health of the nails not only reflects the health of the body, but also reflects the mental outlook of a person.

Cause

Cause

Generally, there are subtype hyperthyroidism, fungal white armor, etc. The symptoms are mainly as follows:

A type of hyperthyroidism, often starting from the sides or at the end of the deck, initially had mild paronychia, and then gradually became chronic or diminished. Paronychia can cause pits or grooves on the nail surface, starting with small and clear white spots, which persist or gradually affect the nail root. When the deck is infected, it can form cracks, become brittle or thicken, and turn brown or black. Under normal conditions, the nail bed does not participate in the formation of keratin on the deck, forming keratin only under the deck. When the nail bed is invaded by fungi, it can stimulate the nail bed to form soft and brittle keratin, so that the nail becomes loose and the keratin deposition causes the deck to thicken significantly.

Fungal white armor, also known as superficial white hyperthyroidism, begins with a small turbid area on the deck surface. It begins to be spotted, irregular in shape, and the number of points is variable. It starts from the central near crescent moon area of the nail surface. , the free edge of a nail or two wrinkles. Can be limited to one or the whole. The nail surface is soft, sometimes without any symptoms, and the infection can last for many years. The hyperthyroidism caused by the gypsum-like Trichophyton is shallow, no paronychia, and desquamation can be seen in the skin of the nail bed. Most of them only affect part of the nail, and sometimes it can invade the whole deck.

Hyperthyroidism caused by Candida is associated with paronychia. It starts from wrinkles on both sides and may have a small amount of empyema. The skin on it becomes red, swollen and tender. The skin near the nail was dark, raised, and separated from the nail bed below it, and finally the entire deck was involved. Nail is more susceptible to infection than toenail. More common in housewives, cooks and people who often come into contact with water. The deck is not as soft as the Trichophyton infection, and yellow molds can sometimes cause onychomycosis, and there can be a lot of debris under the deck.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Fungal examination of trace elements in humans

The main clinical manifestations are:

1. Often single disease, gradually involving other fingers (toe).

2. The disease is thickened, discolored (color gray or yellow, severely turned taupe), the deck is tarnished, the surface is uneven, the nails are crunchy and become a large amount of debris, excessive keratinization, and the finger (toe) A is easy to break, and the severe deck is completely out of the base.

3. Often accompanied by hands and feet.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of nail enlargement:

1. Paronychia: Paronychia refers to the suppurative infection of soft tissue around the nail. It is caused by the micro-invasive damage of the skin of the nail to the skin and growth. In the finger, it is caused by damage such as stab wound, tearing or peeling the nail or trimming the nail too deep. In the toes, mostly due to over-tightening of the ingrown toe or shoes, most of them occur in the thumb. Paronychia is more common in adolescents or women. Generally, it can occur on the finger, or in the toe, the bad habit of often rubbing the finger on the finger, and the person who is on the toe is often caused by secondary infection of the ingrown toe. In the toes, mostly due to over-tightening of the ingrown toe or shoes, most of them occur in the thumb.

2, nails thick and brittle and many cracks: nails thick and brittle and many cracks are suffering from the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism.

3, A week inflammation: A week inflammation, also known as along the Xenopus, is due to local minor damage caused by suppurative infection of the tissue around the nail, began to one side of the nail or nail root redness, severe pain, then gradually purulent, accumulate under the armor It forms a sub-abscess, which often causes chronic inflammation due to poor drainage.

4. Nail abnormalities: A includes deck, nail bed and nail week. Fingernail abnormalities involve the above three parts. The factors that cause nail lesions are classified as congenital or acquired. Congenital nail lesions often associated with other congenital anomalies. Acquired nail lesions are found in microbial infections and local factors. Abnormal changes in nails caused by systemic diseases or certain skin diseases. There may also be damage to the original nail for unknown reasons.