Abnormal limb or trunk posture

Introduction Dystonia is an involuntary movement. It is a group of symptoms of involuntary movement and abnormal position and posture of a part of the body caused by the uncoordinated and intermittent continuous contraction of the synergistic muscles of the body skeletal muscles and the antagonistic muscles. Also known as Dystonia Syndrome. The cause may be unknown by central nervous system dysfunction (such as basal ganglia lesions), the former is called secondary dystonia, and the latter is called primary dystonia. Dystonia is characterized by an abnormal posture of the limb or trunk that can affect movement or cause a distorted, odd-asynchronous state.

Cause

An abnormality in the posture of the limb or trunk is a persistent abnormal posture due to a change in muscle tension and a blockage of an ongoing motion. The cause of idiopathic dystonia is unknown, which may be related to heredity. Secondary dystonia is often a symptom of lesions such as basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem reticular formation.

an examination

Related inspection

Muscle tone examination of limbs and joint movement function EMG limb CT examination

Blood electrolytes, drugs, trace elements and biochemical tests help to diagnose and classify the cause:

1. CT or MRI examination is meaningful for differential diagnosis.

2. Positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission tomography (SPECT) can show some biochemical metabolism in the brain, which is meaningful for diagnosis.

3. Genetic analysis is important for the diagnosis of certain hereditary dystonia.

Differential diagnosis

Dystonia mainly includes the following diseases and should be identified:

1. Torsion Spasm is also known as Torsion Dystonia or dystonia musculorun deformans. It is clinically characterized by dystonia and intense and involuntary torsion of the extremities, torso and even the whole body. Muscle tone increases when the limb is twisted, and normal when the twist stops.

2. Spasmodic torticollis is a kind of head rotation posture caused by cervical muscle spasm or tonic contraction. The deep and shallow muscles of the neck can be affected, but the sternocleidasis and trapezius muscles are used. The contraction of the deltoid and cervical muscles is the most common. The onset is slow and can occur at any age, and middle-aged people are more common. More common in extrapyramidal organic damage.

3. Meige syndrome (Meige syndrome) first described by Heury Meige (1910), France, also known as idiopathic eyelids - temporomandibular dystonia syndrome, with bilateral eyelids and/or facial muscle symmetry Irregular spasmodic contractions are clinical features. More common in middle-aged and elderly people, the average age of onset is 50 years old, the ratio of male to female is 1:2 to 3, and the incidence before 30 years old is rare.

4. Athelinosis, also known as fingering exercise, variability (Mobile spasm), it is a syndrome, a manifestation of a variety of neurological disorders, is an involuntary movement and abnormal posture An abnormal movement combined with the clinical manifestations of muscle rigidity and slow and irregular Xu movement of the hands and feet. According to its affected parts, it can be divided into laterality and bilaterality.

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