Oligomenorrhea

Introduction Menstrual scarcity: the total amount of menstruation per normal person is between 50-60 ml. The amount of menstrual blood in each person is not exactly the same, even if the same person has not exactly the same amount of menstrual blood. If the menstrual cycle is normal, a menstrual blood volume of less than 10 ml or less until two layers of paper are not wet, even if the menstrual period is small.

Cause

Common causes of menstrual menstruation are as follows: adolescent girls due to hypopituitarism, ovarian secretion of estrogen deficiency, resulting in insufficient endometrial hyperplasia (intimal thinner), less bleeding when the endometrium is detached, menstrual blood volume It is rare. Adolescent girls with diseases such as hyperthyroidism or diminished or anorexia nervosa may also experience less menstruation. In addition, when stimulated by the external environment, there may be less menstruation when the spirit is highly stressed. Individual women have few menstrual periods or only one to three menstrual periods in their lifetime, but they do not affect their fertility after marriage. Menstruation is unlikely to be one of the prodromal symptoms of amenorrhea.

an examination

Related inspection

Gynecological examination of hysterosalpingography

Clinical examination:

Includes pelvic examinations and physical examinations. At the same time, we must first rule out the possibility of pregnancy. Some patients may have to undergo a psychiatric examination. The diagnosis should be carried out for the most likely cause, and the items for diagnosis and inspection include:

1. Pregnancy test.

2. Functional testing: check what endocrine abnormalities are:

Lutein stimulating, ovarian-pituitary function: estrogen (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteal stimulating hormone (LH), prolactin (prolactin), male hormone (Testosterone, DHEA-S, 17OH- P), thyroid function (TSH T3 T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TRH).

3. Structural examination of the uterus and ovaries: ultrasound, hysteral fallopian tube photography, hysteroscopy.

4. People who have stopped menstruating before the age of 30 should check for chromosomal abnormalities.

Differential diagnosis

According to clinical symptoms and signs, gynecological examination can be distinguished from most diseases:

1. Menstruation early:

(1) The menstrual cycle is more than 7 days in advance, or even a half-monthly line, for more than 3 consecutive menstrual cycles.

(2) The menstrual cycle is half a month earlier, and should be differentiated from intermenstrual bleeding, puberty, and menopause.

2. Late menstruation:

(1) The menstrual cycle exceeds 35 days and continues for more than 3 menstrual cycles.

(2) The postponement of women of childbearing age should be differentiated from pregnancy, adolescence, and menopause.

(3) gynecological examination, B-ultrasound or pneumoperitoneography to exclude uterine and ovarian organic diseases.

3. Menstruation has no regularity:

(1) The menstrual cycle or before or after, more than 7 days, and more than 3 consecutive menstrual cycles.

(2) The menstrual cycle disorder should be distinguished from the menstrual disorders in adolescence and menopause.

(3) gynecological examination and B-ultrasound and other abnormal lesions, basal body temperature, vaginal smear, cervical mucus crystallization examination to understand the ovarian function.

4. More menstruation:

(1) The menstrual cycle is basically normal, the amount of menstruation is significantly increased, more than 50 ml, or more than 7 days.

(2) gynecological examination and B-ultrasound examination, to exclude uterine fibroids and other organic diseases.

(3) Excluding thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy caused by menorrhagia.

5. Less menstruation:

(1) The menstrual cycle is basically normal, the amount of menstruation is very small, less than 30 ml, or even a drop.

(2) The disease should be differentiated from early pregnancy.

(3) Eliminate less menstruation caused by tuberculosis.

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