Drug allergic reaction

Introduction Drug allergic reactions are adverse reactions that occur after a patient with a specific constitution uses a drug. It has nothing to do with the dose of the drug, and the incidence of drug allergic reactions is not high. There are two main forms: one occurs at the time of administration, called immediate reaction; the other occurs after half an hour or even a few days, called delayed response. Light rash, asthma, fever, and shock, and even life-threatening. The mechanism of drug reactions is quite complex, allergic, non-allergic or other special mechanisms.

Cause

The most common allergic reaction is penicillin, which accounts for 0.7% to 1.0% of the population. Other drugs that cause allergic reactions include aminoglycosides such as streptomycin and gentamicin, tetracyclines such as tetracycline, sulfonamides such as compound sulfamethoxazole, antitumor antibiotics such as bleomycin, and peptide antibiotics. Amphotericin B and chlorpromazine, analgin, procaine, aminophylline and the like.

an examination

Related inspection

drug allergy testing

1. Generally does not occur in the first dose.

2. The body is in a sensitive state, and it can be ill within a few minutes to 24 hours after contact with allergens again, and individual cases can be delayed until a few days later.

3. After the allergic reaction occurs, the drug is stopped, and the mildness can be resolved quickly, and the prognosis is good.

4. Patients who have been sensitized can persist in the pathogenicity of the drug for a long time, even for life, and re-use the drug to reproduce the original symptoms or more serious. The more times the drug is exposed, the more severe the reaction.

Differential diagnosis

It is mainly the differential diagnosis of allergies between various drugs: in view of the wide range of drug reactions, complex performance, and more specificity, it is sometimes difficult to determine the diagnosis. For the diagnosis of drug eruption, the clinical history is still the main basis, combined with rash performance and laboratory tests, and the possibility of other diseases is excluded, comprehensive analysis and judgment.

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