Nystagmus

Introduction Nymphoma nystagmus: an involuntary, rhythmic eyeball swing. According to the direction of nystagmus, it is divided into horizontal type, vertical type, rotary type, etc., and horizontal type is common. According to the amplitude and speed of tremor, it is divided into swing type and impulse type. The latter has the difference of fast phase and slow phase. That is, one direction is slow phase. After the eyeball slowly turns to a certain side, it suddenly jumps to the opposite direction. Forming a fast phase, usually indicating the direction of nystagmus in the fast phase, and the fast phase is the compensatory recovery of the gaze. The oscillating eyeball tremor is oscillated from the center to the sides, and the amplitude and speed of the oscillating motion are substantially equal.

Cause

1. Ocular nystagmus refers to the central visual impairment of the macula, which is the nystagmus formed by the difficulty in watching the formation of reflexes.

(1) Physiological ocular nystagmus: including oblique nystagmus, visual dynamic nystagmus, and recessive nystagmus.

(2) pathological ocular nystagmus: including blind nystagmus, amblyopia nystagmus, occupational nystagmus, etc.

2. Vestibular nystagmus.

3. Central nystagmus.

4. Congenital idiopathic nystagmus.

an examination

Related inspection

Ophthalmologic examination, ophthalmologic examination, eye function examination, eyeball and eyelid examination

1. General inspection:

Let the patient look straight ahead and observe the nystagmus when the follower's finger moves in a certain direction. Some need to be covered by a single eye for inspection. To this end, the following points should be noted when checking:

(1) is recessive or latent, or dominant nystagmus.

(2) The nystagmus is combined - the movement of the eyeballs on both sides is consistent with each other, or is it separate.

(3) Type, direction, degree, frequency and amplitude of nystagmus.

(4) There are endless eye positions.

2. Special inspection:

Equipment inspection such as nystagmus current map.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of ocular tremor confusing symptoms:

1. Eyeball floating phenomenon: The colorless and transparent gel-like body in the 4/5 cavity after filling the eyeball, mainly composed of collagen fiber filament and 98.5%-99.7% water. The vitreous itself has no blood vessels and its metabolism is very low. Its nutrition comes from the choroid and aqueous humor. The vitreous is susceptible to various physical, chemical, traumatic, inflammatory, degenerative, decomposing, and liquefaction phenomena. It is characterized by a variety of floating objects such as a bit shape, a line shape, and a spider web shape, and floats up and down with the movement of the eyeball.

2. The eyeball can not move freely: Eye movement disorder can be divided into synergistic movement disorder and eye movement disorder caused by extraocular tendon. When the normal eyeball turns inward, the inner edge of the pupil can reach the straight line connecting the small and the small punctum. When the outer turn is turned, the cornea can reach the outer corner, and the range of upward and downward movement is about 5rnm. If the above range is not reached, it is an eye movement disorder.

3. Eyeball deflection: There are many kinds of strabismus, the most common is the inward deflection of the eyeball, medically known as esotropia, commonly known as "to the eye", "cross-eyed". The eyeball is deflected outward, called exotropia, commonly known as "oblique white eye." Of course, strabismus does not only refer to the situation in which the relative positions of the two eyes are obviously deformed, but also includes the case where the inclination is small, the surface is not easy to be perceived, and the binocular vision is not normal, and the cases where there is no oblique position at all but the eyes are abnormal. . Therefore, the concept of strabismus should be understood as the abnormal position of both eyes and the abnormality of both eyes.

4. Intraocular oblique: The intraocular oblique is characterized by esotropia, which is commonly called cross-eyed eye and is the most common type of strabismus. The symptom is that the eyes are skewed to the nasal side. Some children are born with this condition, but most of the esotropia begins to appear around the age of two to three. Some cases can be corrected with appropriate glasses, because the glasses can alleviate the situation of esotropia caused by excessive adjustment of the focal length; however, in some cases, after treatment with glasses and covering, it is still necessary to correct with eye muscle surgery.

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