Enlarged heart

Introduction Cardiac enlargement refers to an increase in the heart's various compartments and a change in the shape of the heart. When the heart chambers are enlarged, the shape of the heart also changes, and there are three heart types on the posterior anterior chest radiograph. 1. Mitral valve type: common in mitral valve disease, chronic pulmonary heart disease, cardiac septal defect, pulmonary artery stenosis, etc., manifested as right heart bulging, the left lower edge of the heart is blunt, the heart is full or curved The aortic node is small and the heart shadow is pear-shaped. 2. Aortic type: common in hypertension and aortic valve disease, the left apex extends to the left and left, the heart and waist are depressed, the aortic node is prominent, and the heart shadow is boot-type. 3. General: common in myocarditis, heart failure, pericardial effusion. It appears that the heart shadow increases toward both sides and is more symmetrical.

Cause

Cardiac enlargement can be caused by a variety of causes, and dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the causes. Others, such as hypertensive heart disease, can cause heart enlargement. Cardiac enlargement is largely due to compensatory hypertrophy of the heart muscle.

The cause may be related to the following factors:

First, viral myocarditis: In recent years, viral myocardium has increased, the virus has affinity for the myocardium, myocardial fibrosis after myocarditis, and cardiac hypertrophy finally forms cardiomyopathy.

Second, allergic reactions: some patients with this disease increased anti-viral antibodies. Often inhibited T cell dysfunction, the disease is believed to be caused by viral allergies.

Third, high blood pressure: about 10% of the blood pressure in this disease increased. However, the increase in blood pressure occurs mostly in heart failure. With the control of heart failure, blood pressure drops, so the increase in blood pressure is not the main factor of this disease.

Fourth, malnutrition: portal cirrhosis complicated by this disease, more than the general population, the high incidence of living poverty, suggesting that the disease is related to nutrition, the lack of certain essential amino acids or trace elements in the body may be the cause of the disease one.

an examination

Related inspection

ECG dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter monitoring)

X-ray examination: Cardiac enlargement is an important sign of heart disease, including heart wall hypertrophy and heart chamber enlargement, which often coexist.

When the heart chambers are enlarged, the shape of the heart also changes, and there are three heart types on the posterior anterior chest radiograph.

Mitral valve

Common in mitral valve disease, chronic pulmonary heart disease, cardiac septal defect, pulmonary artery stenosis, etc., manifested as right heart bulging, the left lower edge of the heart is blunt, the heart is full or curved, the aortic node is small, heart The shadow is pear shaped.

2. Aortic type

Common in hypertension and aortic valve disease, the left apex extends to the left and left, the heart and waist are depressed, the aortic node is prominent, and the heart shadow is boot-type.

3. General

Common in myocarditis, heart failure, pericardial effusion and so on. It appears that the heart shadow increases toward both sides and is more symmetrical.

Differential diagnosis

Coronary heart disease and pulmonary heart disease are more common in middle-aged and above, and heart enlargement can occur.

When the heart chambers are enlarged, the shape of the heart also changes, and there are three heart types on the posterior anterior chest radiograph.

1. Mitral valve type: common in mitral valve disease, chronic pulmonary heart disease, cardiac septal defect, pulmonary artery stenosis, etc., manifested as right heart bulging, the left lower edge of the heart is blunt, the heart is full or curved The aortic node is small and the heart shadow is pear-shaped.

2. Aortic type: common in hypertension and aortic valve disease, the left apex extends to the left and left, the heart and waist are depressed, the aortic node is prominent, and the heart shadow is boot-type.

3. General: common in myocarditis, heart failure, pericardial effusion. It appears that the heart shadow increases toward both sides and is more symmetrical.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.