Hair loss

Introduction Hair loss is a phenomenon of hair loss. 50 to 75 pieces are peeled off every day. This is because hair growth has periodicity, which can be divided into growth period, degeneration period and rest period. Hair in the growing period accounts for about 85% of all hair. During this period, hair grows 0.27 per day. ~0.4mm, the hair growth period is 2 to 6 years. After entering the degenerative period, the hair bulbs in the lower part of the hair follicle including the hair growth part begin to shrink. The hair no longer grows and becomes loose and easy to fall off; the hair in the degenerative period accounts for about 1%; in the rest period, the lower part of the hair follicle is completely atrophied, the hair is shed, and the hair in the rest period accounts for about 14%; the rest period lasts for 3 to 6 Months, then the hair follicles enter the growing season, and new hair grows. The hair that is normally detached is the hair that is in the period of retreat and rest. Because the hair entering the degenerative period and the newly entering the growing period is constantly in dynamic balance, it can maintain a normal amount of hair. The above is normal physiological hair loss. Pathological alopecia refers to hair abnormalities or excessive shedding, for many reasons.

Cause

Reasons for hair loss:

People who are engaged in intense and complicated mental work, with great mental stress and great energy consumption, stimulate the body's autonomic nervous and hormone adaptation to maintain the physiological balance of normal body temperature, metabolism and immune function, and secrete more males. Hormones make people's analytical power and judgment stronger, alert and intelligent, and at the same time make people's temperament become more irritated, sebaceous gland secretion is strong. The sebaceous glands on the scalp are the most developed compared to other parts, and in this case, the secretion is more, which provides conditions for the massive reproduction of the scalp on the fat-rich fungus and head lice. The lipophilic fungus on the scalp is multiplied under the premise of a large amount of sebaceous glands. The catastrophic fungus extracts nutrients from the hair follicle and discharges the metabolites there, stimulating chronic inflammation of the hair follicles and scalp - seborrheic dermatitis, lipid If the dermatitis is not treated in time, the roots will grow and reproduce to produce a lytic enzyme, which will dissolve the hair root into incompleteness, loosening the hair roots, gradually shrinking the hair follicles, gradually reducing the hair growth function, and gradually reducing the hair until baldness.

The head lice are tiny parasites that are invisible to the naked eye. Hair experts have discovered that this fat-loving tiny animal, like the genetic or hormonal imbalance, is also the culprit of hair loss. It is parasitic in human hair follicles. It uses sebum as a food. After eating it, it helps to digest. It secretes a lipase, which further decomposes and erodes the sebaceous glands in the scalp, blocks hair follicles, and makes hair follicles. Lack of nutrients and shrink, causing hair loss or baldness.

an examination

Hair loss check and diagnosis:

Under normal circumstances, experienced doctors through the visual inspection, and then ask questions about genetics, diet, chemical exposure, etc., to know whether it is a fatty hair loss or male pattern hair loss, so do not have to do check, experienced doctors to see See it.

1, hair pull inspection

A positive hair pull test means that 2-8 hairs can be easily removed from any part of the scalp without pain. In the resting period of hair loss, hair loss loosening syndrome, alopecia areata and other hair onset, this experiment was positive.

2, endocrine examination

The examination of sex hormone levels has certain clinical significance for postpartum hair loss, menopause hair loss and hair loss caused by oral contraceptives; serum TSH examination is most valuable for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism.

3, nutritional metabolism check

Nutritional metabolic diseases such as iron deficiency, early laboratory tests confirmed that serum ferritin is less than 12ug / L for iron storage deficiency, while transferrin saturation is less than 0.15, whole blood FEP is greater than 1.78umol / L (100ug / dL Or two of FEP/Hb greater than 4.5 ug/gHb can be diagnosed as iron-deficient erythropoiesis alopecia. In the early stage of malignant malnutrition, due to insufficient long-term intake of protein, the formation of negative nitrogen balance in the body, blood and urine urea nitrogen decreased first, creatinine, creatinine decreased is also a sensitive indicator, low plasma total protein is the diagnosis of malnutrition alopecia condition.

4, other inspections

Systemic lupus erythematosus mainly checks for LE cells, anti-dsDNA or anti-sm antibodies, ANA immunofluorescence, etc., syphilitic alopecia must be tested for syphilis serology. It is suspected that the detection of HIV antibodies is most commonly caused by AIDS-induced hair and scalp diseases. The method is to use a peripheral blood lymphocyte for virus culture, the positive rate is more than 95%, and AIDS patients with hair scalp lesions, more than 70% of T helper factors (TH) fall below 0.15*109/L, while normal human blood TH The value is greater than 1.5*109/L.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of hair loss:

1, seborrheic alopecia: often appear in young and middle-aged people, the performance of the scalp has a thick oily secretion, the head is bright, sparse and thin, or dry hair, dandruff, dull, sparse and slender.

2, pathological hair loss: mainly due to virus, bacteria, high fever on the hair cells, inhibiting the normal division of hair cells, so that hair follicles in a state of shock leading to hair loss, such as acute infectious diseases, long-term use of certain drugs.

3, chemical hair loss: harmful chemical substances on the scalp tissue, hair follicle cells damage caused by hair loss.

4, physical hair loss: air pollutants block hair follicles, harmful radiation and other causes of hair loss.

5, nutritional hair loss: digestion and absorption dysfunction caused malnutrition leading to hair loss.

6, obesity hair loss: a large number of saturated fatty acids in the body after the metabolism of waste, clogging hair follicles leading to hair loss.

7, hereditary hair loss: hair loss is also hereditary, generally male dominant sexual inheritance, female recessive inheritance.

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