Scalp avulsion

Introduction A scalp avulsion injury is one of the clinical manifestations of scalp injury. Since the epidermis layer, the subcutaneous tissue layer and the cap-like aponeurosis layer are closely connected together, under the strong traction, the scalp is often avulsed from the full layer of the decidual aponeurotic space, and sometimes the partial periosteum is also avulsed. To make the skull bare. The patient has a large amount of blood loss, which can cause shock, but less combined with skull fracture or brain injury. First, actively take measures such as stopping bleeding, relieving pain, and resisting shock. Cover the wound with a sterile dressing and pressurize the hemostasis and keep the avulsed scalp for later use.

Cause

Cause: A scalp avulsion is a serious scalp injury, almost always because a woman with a bun has accidentally rolled her hair into a rotating wheel. Since the epidermis layer, the subcutaneous tissue layer and the cap-like aponeurosis layer are closely connected together, under the strong traction, the scalp is often avulsed from the full layer of the decidual aponeurotic space, and sometimes the partial periosteum is also avulsed. To make the skull bare.

an examination

Related inspection

Scalp examination blood routine urine routine routine brain CT examination

The extent of scalp avulsion is related to the area of the hair root that is involved. In severe cases, it can reach the coverage area of the entire cap-shaped diaphragm, from the front to the upper eyelid and the nasal root, and then to the hairline, both sides of the ear and even the cheeks. The patient has a large amount of blood loss, which can cause shock, but less combined with skull fracture or brain injury.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis:

1. Scalp laceration The scalp is a specialized skin that contains a large number of hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. It is easy to hide dirt and bacteria and is prone to infection. However, the blood circulation of the scalp is very rich. Although the scalp is lacerated, as long as it can be thoroughly debrided in time, the infection is rare. In each layer of the scalp, the cap-like aponeurosis is a tough aponeurosis that is not only an important structure for maintaining scalp tension, but also a barrier against the invasion of superficial infections into the brain. When the scalp laceration is shallow and does not damage the cap-like aponeurosis, the rupture is not easy to open, and the vascular end is difficult to retract and stop bleeding, and the bleeding is more. If the aponeurotic aponeurosis breaks, the wound is clearly ruptured, and the damaged vascular end is retracted with the wound and self-coagulated, so less bleeding.

2. Scalp hematoma The scalp is rich in blood vessels. After a blunt blow or collision, the blood vessels in the tissue can rupture and the scalp is still intact. The scalp hemorrhage often forms a hematoma in the subcutaneous tissue, under the cap aponeurosis or under the periosteum. The location and type of the scalp help to analyze the injury mechanism and estimate the damage of the skull and brain.

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