Head bruise

Introduction A hard object with a rapid impact on the head or a sudden deceleration is also a common cause of brain trauma. When the impacted side or the opposite direction of the brain tissue collides with the hard and raised skull, it is highly vulnerable to damage. After a series of abnormal symptoms, there are a series of abnormal symptoms: dizziness, headache, bleeding, and even coma. The cerebral blood flow increased after the injury, but the cerebral blood flow decreased significantly after a few minutes (about 1/2 of normal). After half an hour, the cerebral blood flow began to return to normal, and the intracranial pressure immediately increased immediately after the force, for a few minutes. The posterior intracranial pressure decreased, and no significant changes were observed on the gross specimens of the brain. Only mild changes were observed under the light microscope.

Cause

Severe brain trauma can pull, twist, or tear nerves, blood vessels, and other tissues in the brain. The nerve pathway is damaged, or causes bleeding and edema. Intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral edema increase the contents of the cranial cavity, but the cranial cavity itself cannot be expanded accordingly. As a result, intracranial pressure increases and brain tissue is further damaged. Increased intracranial pressure pushes the brain down, forcing the upper brain tissue and brain stem into the associated pores, a condition called cerebral palsy. The cerebellum and brainstem can be displaced from the hole in the base of the skull to the spinal cord.

an examination

Related inspection

Brain CT examination EEG examination

Diagnosis can be based on the above clinical manifestations.

1. Skull X-ray examination: no fracture found.

2. Cranial CT scan: no abnormal changes in the skull and intracranial.

3. EEG examination: EEG is mostly normal after several months of injury.

4. Cerebral blood flow examination: There may be a decrease in cerebral blood flow in the early post-injury.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis: Head injury may cause concussion, and concussion (neurological surgery) refers to a transient brain dysfunction immediately after the head is hit by an external force. There is no significant change in pathological changes, and there is still much debate about the mechanism. The clinical manifestations were transient coma, near-forgotten and headache, nausea and vomiting. No positive signs were found in the neurological examination. It is the lightest type of brain damage that can be cured after treatment. It can occur alone or in combination with other brain injuries such as intracranial hematoma. It should be noted that a differential diagnosis should be made in time.

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