Horizontal palm pleats (through the hand)

Introduction The horizontal palm pleat (through the hand) means that the hand is short and thick, and the palm has only one horizontal grain width, which is characterized by horizontal palm pleats (through the hand) and other characteristic skin changes, such as the short finger and the inner curve. Single pleat (ie, the fifth finger is two sections). It is one of the symptoms of Down Syndrome (Down's Syndrome) also known as Trisomy 21. People with both hands are only 2% in the normal population, 31% in the congenital type, 25% in the 18 trisomy, 62% in the trisomy, and 35% in the 50% of the patients.

Cause

The chromosome is the carrier of the gene, and the chromosomal disease is the chromosomal abnormality, which leads to abnormal development of the gene.

an examination

Related inspection

chromosome

Clinical manifestations:

The child has certain pathological features at birth, and the symptoms become apparent with age. The craniofacial manifestations of the round head, low nose, maxillary dysplasia can cause facial flatness, the mouth is slightly tabular, the tongue is hypertrophy and has a deep split, often extending out of the mouth, so called tongue-like dementia. The inner suede often covers the part, and the internal hemorrhoids can be slightly tilted upwards and outwards to form a Mongolian-like shape. The face is low in oval shape, and the earlobe is small. The iris gray-white spot is the Brewfield's spot. ), the door is obviously closed late.

The average length of the child at birth is slightly shorter than that of the normal newborn. The difference in age is more obvious. The height of the adult patient rarely exceeds that of the normal 10-year-old child. The hand is short and thick, and the palm has only one horizontal stripe, which is characterized by horizontal palm pleats (through the hand) and other characteristic skin lines, such as the shortness of the little finger and the single pleat in the inner flexion (ie, the fifth finger is two sections). ), the majority of children with reduced muscle tone still can not walk 3 to 4 years old, infants with slow response or can not lead to eating difficulties, children with mental and mental development abnormalities, IQ is 20 to 70, an average of 40 to 50 in the Gaussian curve Below, 90% of children will speak when they are 5 years old. Most of the performance is quiet, docile, easy to approach, and the life expectancy is 40 years old.

Differential diagnosis

Identification:

Palm pleats are pleats that connect the skin to the deep fascia. There are three main pleat lines in the palm of a normal person: the large fish pleat line, the proximal horizontal pleat line and the distal horizontal pleat line. The three positional relationship: the proximal transverse pleats are connected to the large fish creases on the temporal side, and the distal transverse pleats are separated.

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