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Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction Both reduction and dark spots refer to defects in a certain part of the field of view. If the large defect is directly at the edge of the visual field, the outer edge of the defect does not have normal vision, which is called reduction. If the defect occurs within the field of view, there is still vision around it, and this defect is called a dark spot. The reduction of field of view can be distinguished according to the shape of the defect: the centripetal contraction of uniform inward contraction in all directions; the limitation of a certain angular defect is reduced; the defect of the half is called hemianopia. More strictly speaking, the field of view can be reduced and collapsed. Make a distinction. The reduction in field of view is only a change in the boundary in which the vision is normal and the position of the line of sight within it does not change. A reduction in visual field is rare, and it is seen in ipsilateral hemianopia or other compressional damage.

Cause

Cause

Glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, optic atrophy, rickets amblyopia. A case in which the central retinal artery is obstructed and the ciliary retinal artery is intact. Quinine poisoning. Chronic, progressive retinal degeneration can eventually lead to blindness. In some patients, retinitis pigmentosa is dominantly inherited, and as long as one parent has a disease-causing gene, the child will develop the disease. There are also some patients with retinitis pigmentosa as a chain of inheritance, only the mother with the disease gene, the child will become ill. In other cases, hearing loss is accompanied by this type of retinitis pigmentosa, which is more common in men.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Ultrasound examination of the eyeball and eyelids and CT examination of the eyelids

(a) part

Note that the reduction in field of view is comprehensive or limited to only a certain part.

(2) According to the position and shape of the field of view, the form can be divided as follows:

The degree of narrowing of the direction of the centripetal contraction is almost equal in all directions, but it can also be reduced to a certain extent in a certain part, so that the remaining field of view is irregular. There are four possibilities for narrowing the telecentric view: (1) the subject does not cooperate or does not understand, or is unresponsive; (2) the vision is significantly reduced; (3) functional changes (rickets); (4) organic changes: Peripheral visual field reduction can occur in extensive retinal choroidal lesions, optic neuropathy, glaucoma, and toxic amblyopia. Severe centripetal narrowing, so that the field of view only leaves a small area near the gaze point, like the object in the tube, called the tubular field of view. Retinitis pigmentosa, advanced glaucoma, optic atrophy, rickets are most typical.

These tubular fields of view can be combined with clinical presentation to make a correct diagnosis.

(1) Glaucoma: There must be glaucoma optic disc depression and atrophy in the fundus, and the intraocular pressure is increased. Careful examination reveals that there may be a Roenne ladder in the nasal field of view.

(2) Retinitis pigmentosa: the optic disc of the eyes is waxy yellow, the pigmentation of the retina appears, and the blood vessels become thinner, which is not difficult to diagnose.

(3) optic atrophy: the optic disc is pale, but the visual field is less severe than the two diseases listed above.

(4) rickets amblyopia: no change in the fundus, although the field of vision is extremely reduced, but the action is not difficult, and there are symptoms of rickets throughout the body.

(5) Ipsilateral hemianopia (with macular evasion): The visual field changes of both eyes are similar and rare.

(6) Cases in which the central retinal artery is obstructed and the ciliary retinal artery is sound.

(7) quinine poisoning: bilateral, very fine arteries, pale optic disc, history of medication.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Color blindness is due to the abnormal or incomplete photopigmentation in the cone of the retina, which lacks the ability to discern certain colors or colors. According to clinical manifestations, it is divided into full color blindness and partial color blindness. The color can not be discerned at all, and the black and white feeling of the object is called full color blindness or monochrome vision. Often accompanied by high photophobia, frequent blinking, significant loss of vision, dark spots in the center, blindness and so on. The ability to distinguish a certain color is called partial color blindness.

Visual field defect: blind spots around the center or at the center, blind spots at the center, decreased visual acuity, and narrow vision. The field of view means the entire range that our eyes can see, and the defect of the field of view means that when looking at the transaction, the field of view is incomplete, as if there is a shadow blocking the line of sight, and sometimes a corner is completely dark and invisible. Visual field defect is a condition of the disease, which may indicate that the patient has a certain disease, and the disease with visual field defect is a serious disease of the ophthalmology. Each person feels different from the visual field defect, some are slight, some are serious, and the degree is different. Very big. Sometimes the visual field defect at one glance can be filled by the vision of another normal eye, so it is easy to overlook the opportunity of early treatment.

Symptoms and signs of pituitary tumors have visual field changes. Pituitary tumors are a group of tumors from residual cells of the anterior and posterior pituitary epithelium. Pituitary tumors account for about 10% of intracranial tumors. Asymptomatic small tumors are dissected. More discoverers. In this group of tumors, the adenomas were the majority, and those from the posterior lobe were rare.

The visual field of optic nerve inflammation changes, and the visual field shrinks toward the center of the heart.