Primary atrophy of the optic nerve

Introduction Optic atrophy is not the name of a disease, but refers to a formation change caused by any disease causing retinal ganglion cells and axons to occur, resulting in a thinning of the optic nerve. It is a general term for pathology. Axillary cell axonal degeneration occurring between the retina and the lateral geniculate body. Primary optic atrophy, the primary lesion begins from the ball, and the atrophy process is descending. Common in direct optic nerve damage, retrobulbar optic neuritis, optic nerve tube fracture or blood pressure optic nerve, optic atrophy caused by late syphilis, as well as hereditary (such as Leber's disease) or toxic optic atrophy.

Cause

Qi and blood deficiency, mostly due to lack of congenital endowment, or diet, excessive fatigue, spleen and weakness, lack of blood and blood, lack of energy. Qi deficiency is unclear, blood deficiency is lost, qi stagnation or blood stasis or head trauma, eye damage, or emotional discomfort, stagnation for a long time, or due to chronic disease into the network, resulting in blood stasis The veins, the essence can not be achieved by the eyes, the cause of this disease is more complicated. Some patients with intracranial space-occupying lesions or optic nerve injury are primary or simple optic atrophy.

an examination

Related inspection

Ophthalmoscopy, trochlear nerve examination, nerve examination

It is undiagnosable based on the gray or pale optic disc, and must be combined with visual function tests to diagnose. Because the disease can be caused by a variety of reasons, for each patient, detailed medical history, comprehensive physical examination and eye examination are required to make an accurate cause diagnosis and provide a basis for treatment. First, the possibility of intracranial space-occupying lesions should be excluded, supplemented by cranial X-ray examination, etc., which can be routinely included, and other head CT and MRI are also selectively used.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of primary atrophy of the optic nerve:

1. The acute phase of primary atrophy of the optic nerve is differentiated from anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, optic disc vasculitis, optic nerve papillitis, and there is no obvious change in the fundus and posterior optic neuritis.

2. The atrophic phase of the primary atrophy of the optic nerve should first exclude intracranial compression lesions and be differentiated from other genetic types of optic atrophy.

3. The disease needs to be differentiated from demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis.

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