Increased appetite

Introduction Childrens sudden increase in the amount of food for no reason should be taken seriously. Experts caution that if your childs sudden increase in the amount of food increases, the weight does not increase, or decreases, the number and amount of water in the child increase significantly, and the resistance becomes low. When abnormal symptoms such as rough or darkness are apparent, you should think about the possibility of diabetes and go to the hospital in time. Diabetes in children is caused by the fact that the pancreas cannot secrete enough insulin to make blood sugar not be used effectively and accumulate in the blood.

Cause

Children's diabetes is different from adult diabetes, and the treatment is slightly different. The most obvious is that children's diabetes must be treated by insulin injection. Oral drugs are not effective. At present, the medical community still has no unified views on the causes of diabetes in children. Only know that the following items may be one of the causes:

(1) Genetic factors: Although we still have no specific answer to the problem of genetics of childhood diabetes, according to statistics, only children with this disease, many families with diabetes, have also found diabetes in recent years. Very related to certain genetic factors. The general argument is that in children with congenital genetic predisposition, when infected by certain viruses, the body's immune system will mistakenly produce "autoantibodies" that destroy the insulin secretion function of the pancreas, leading to diabetes.

(2) Immune system disorders: This means that the body produces an abnormal antibody that attacks the insulin-secreting cells and impairs the function of the pancreas to make insulin.

(3) Pancreatic infection: If the pancreas is infected with a viral infection (such as ribitis, German measles, etc.) and causes pancreatitis, cells that secrete insulin may also be destroyed and lose their function.

(4) The above factors are combined.

an examination

Related inspection

Thyroxine (T4) urine routine

Diabetes in children is usually acute and the disease is quite sudden. As the sugar in the blood suddenly rises, the blood sugar and urine are discharged, together with the loss of minerals and water, which makes the child urinate frequently on the one hand, and feels thirsty and tired on the other hand. If the ions in the blood are also discharged when urinating, the pH in the blood will drop suddenly, and even affect the respiratory system, making the child suddenly feel difficulty breathing.

Diagnostic criteria for childhood diabetes are stricter than adults. Normal blood glucose levels in children: fasting blood glucose <7.2 mmol/L (130 mg/dl), <7.8 mmol/l (140 mg/dl) 2 hours after oral glucose.

Have typical symptoms of diabetes, and check blood glucose at >11.1mmol / liter (200 mg / dl) at any time of the day, or not only a fasting blood glucose 7.8 mmol / liter (140 mg / dl), serving sugar A diagnosis can be made after 2 hours and fasting to 2 hours of blood glucose of 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl).

Diagnostic criteria for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in children: fasting blood glucose 7.8 mmol / liter (140 mg / dl), blood glucose > 7.8 mmol / liter (140 mg / dl) 2 hours after taking sugar, even after taking sugar When the blood glucose is >11,1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl) in 2 hours and fasting to 2 hours, the glucose tolerance is reduced.

Differential diagnosis

(1) Renal glucosuria: mostly due to renal tubular reabsorption, such as nephrotic syndrome, chronic nephritis, or due to defects in congenital tubular cell function, causing obstruction of renal tubular reabsorption of glucose, renal glucose threshold decline The patient's blood sugar is normal, but the urine sugar is positive. However, its glucose tolerance was normal and blood insulin was normal. Generally there is no "three more than one less" symptoms. Renal glucosuria occurs mostly in young and middle-aged men, and more men than women. A small number of women may have increased glomerular filtration rate during pregnancy, and temporary diabetes may also have diabetes, but it must be differentiated from primary diabetes.

(2) After meals, diabetes: due to the excessive absorption of sugar in the gastrointestinal tract, such as gastric jejunostomy, hyperthyroidism, autonomic dysfunction and severe liver disease, temporary hyperglycemia and urine sugar may appear after eating. However, oral glucose tolerance test, fasting blood glucose normal, half an hour and l hour blood glucose exceeded normal, 2 hours and 3 hours of normal or lower than normal blood glucose. In addition to liver disease, the intravenous glucose test was normal.

(3) Stressful diabetes: In the case of cerebrovascular accident, craniocerebral trauma, acute myocardial infarction and other diseases, temporary hyperglycemia and urine sugar may occur.

(4) secondary diabetes: pancreatic diabetes, such as pancreatitis, pancreatectomy, pancreatic cancer; endocrine diabetes, such as hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, Cushing's syndrome, etc., from the history and clinical manifestations To be identified.

(5) Chronic disease Long-term physical activity reduction or bed rest: will reduce glucose tolerance, but fasting blood sugar is generally normal. In hunger and malnutrition, the ability of tissues to use glucose in the body is weakened, and insulin secretion is reduced. Therefore, glucose tolerance can be reduced, and occasional diabetes can occur.

(6) Drugs: Some drugs may affect glucose tolerance, so it should be stopped for 3 to 7 days before the test. Even more than a month. Drugs that raise blood sugar are: adrenocorticotropic hormone such as cortisone, growth hormone, catechol gum, caffeine, furosemide, glucagon, indomethacin, isoniazid, nicotine, female oral contraceptives, phenol Tolamin, thiazide diuretics and phenytoin sodium. The drugs for lowering blood sugar include: tazobactam, propranolol, ethanol, salicylate, and sulfonamides.

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