Ciliary clearance dysfunction

Introduction The cilia structure is widely distributed in the respiratory tract, middle ear, fallopian tube, vas deferens, sperm flagella, and tissues and organs such as the brain and spinal cord epens. Due to the abnormal structure and function of the cilia, the ciliary movement and clearing dysfunction can cause repeated sinusitis. , bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis media, ectopic pregnancy, infertility and hydrocephalus.

Cause

Chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, asthma and lung cancer can cause cilia vary in size and large cilia; chronic sinusitis and asthma can cause axonal degeneration; viral infection can cause cilia to fall off and sag; allergic rhinitis can cause cilia weakness; Mycoplasma pneumoniae secretion of hydrogen peroxide, Pseudomonas aeruginosa secreted by the green pus toxin can inhibit ciliary movement, smoking, environmental pollution, radiation, hydrogen sulfide, mechanical ventilation, etc. can cause clearance dysfunction.

an examination

Related inspection

General radiography examination bronchography chest CT examination lung biopsy

Clinical diseases caused by cilia dysfunction are extensive and may involve all areas of cilia distribution. Respiratory tract infections caused by airway cilia dysfunction are most common; sperm flagella, vas deferens, and fallopian tube cilia dysfunction can lead to infertility or infertility; Ciliary dysfunction in the ear and sinus leads to otitis media, sinusitis, etc.; dysfunction of retinal rod cells, vestibular hair cells and olfactory cells leads to blindness, deafness and olfactory disturbance; also due to cilia dysfunction at the ependymal membrane of the brain and spinal cord Report of hydrocephalus.

Differential diagnosis

1. Secondary ciliary dysfunction: Primary ciliary dyskinesia should be differentiated from secondary ciliary epithelial structural abnormalities, the latter secondary to infection, air pollution and other factors, structural changes are reversible, with composite cilia and Microtubule defects are more common. Secondary cilia columnar epithelial structure is abnormally late, with repeated infections and irregular treatment. Therefore, it is better to perform the ciliary biopsy after 4 to 6 weeks of anti-infection.

2. Cystic fibrosis: Primary ciliary dyskinesia should also be differentiated from cystic fibrosis (CF), which is more common in Caucasians and is also autosomal recessive, causing sinus and lung diseases. And male infertility. However, its pathogenesis is abnormal mucous components, which are difficult to be removed by cilia due to thick thickening, pancreatic insufficiency and positive sweat test (increased sweat chlorine), and its condition is relatively heavy.

Clinical diseases caused by cilia dysfunction are extensive and may involve all areas of cilia distribution. Respiratory tract infections caused by airway cilia dysfunction are most common; sperm flagella, vas deferens, and fallopian tube cilia dysfunction can lead to infertility or infertility; Ciliary dysfunction in the ear and sinus leads to otitis media, sinusitis, etc.; dysfunction of retinal rod cells, vestibular hair cells and olfactory cells leads to blindness, deafness and olfactory disturbance; also due to cilia dysfunction at the ependymal membrane of the brain and spinal cord Report of hydrocephalus.

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